Fig. 5.

The Control group shows predominantly dense and well-organized fibers stained bright red; in Fig. 5iv, the fibers run parallel to the basal membrane of the oral Epithelium (E), with densely spaced fibroblasts, and in Fig. 5v, vessels of medium and small diameter can be observed. Furthermore, the fibers bind to the alveolar bone and to the Tooth (T) cementum; (Fig. 5vi–x): the Omega-3 (O3) group show a similar staining pattern, in which the parallel collagen fibers are bright red, and fibroblasts cells are also densely spaced (Fig. 5xi–xv): the group of induced periodontitis (P) reveal thin, disorganized fibers stained light green under the area of the ligature (*), with prominent bone resorption demonstrated by small and thin fragments of mineralized tissue under the apex of the tooth roots (Fig. 5xi and xii). In Fig. 4xiv, a shedding and thin epithelium can be observed in the P group. Also, vessels of a large, medium, and small diameter filled with blood cells are present in the P group. Figure 5xvi–xx, while the Periodontitis + Omega-3 (P + O3) group showed a mixed pattern of staining with red and light-green fibers; in Fig. 5xvii and xviii, the bone ridge remains visible and supports more than two-thirds of the root. Scale bar 5 × (200 µm), 10 × (100 µm), and 40 × (20 µm)