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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 31.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Perinatol. 2023 Jul 10;41(Suppl 1):e2230–e2237. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1771018

Table 2.

Primary and secondary outcomes

Primary Composite of fetal death or preterm delivery before 32 wk gestation
Secondary fetal/neonatal • Fetal death (at any time after randomization)
• Neonatal death up to 28 d after estimated delivery date
• Serious neonatal morbidity up to 28 d after estimated delivery date. This is defined by intraventricular hemorrhage grades 3 or 4, periventricular leukomalacia grades III or IV, chronic lung disease, retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment, necrotizing enterocolitis (Bell Stage II or above), proven early sepsis <72 h, patent ductus arteriosus requiring treatment
• Major fetal anomaly
• Seizures requiring treatment
• Gestational age at fetal death or delivery
• Small for gestational age by World Health Organization standards (<5th and 10th percentiles)
• Admission to special care nursery
• Length of stay in hospital (total including other institutions if transferred)
Secondary maternal • Reasons for removal of the pessary
• Vaginal discharge
• Vaginal bleeding
• Type of labor (no labor, spontaneous, induced)
• Maternal complications including genital infection, urinary infection, postpartum infection
• Preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM)
• Type of membrane rupture
• Type of delivery, use of tocolysis, use of magnesium sulfate, use of corticosteroids
• Maternal death up to 28 d after estimated delivery date
• Maternal length of stay in hospital

Notes: The primary and secondary outcomes were chosen to be consistent with the CROWN initiative (Core Outcomes in Women’s Health), in particular with the subset chosen to evaluate interventions to prevent preterm birth, as agreed by PROMPT investigators at the time of protocol development.20,21