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. 2023 Dec 19;13(1):2. doi: 10.3390/foods13010002

Table 5.

Preferences for product attributes and consumer characteristics that affect consumer WTP.

WTP Model 1 Model 2
Product attributes
Appearance 0.166 *** −0.0157
(0.023) (0.209)
Taste 0.113 *** 0.255
(0.023) (0.212)
Convenience −0.178 *** 0.555 ***
(0.023) (0.211)
Importance of price −0.229 *** −1.087 ***
(0.022) (0.211)
Nutrition value 0.161 *** −0.171
(0.023) (0.215)
Environment benefits 0.253 *** 0.320 *
(0.019) (0.183)
Consumer attitudes
Environmental awareness 0.522 **
(0.211)
Health consciousness −0.158
(0.220)
Food neophobia 0.561 ***
(0.202)
Consumer characteristics
Male −0.642 *** −0.547 *
(0.032) (0.299)
Age −0.01 *** −0.00165
(0.002) (0.0139)
Monthly income (CNY 3500–6000) 0.259 *** 0.837 *
(0.002) (0.473)
Monthly income (above 6000) 0.411 *** 0.216
(0.041) (0.359)
Education level (without a college degree) 1.137 *** 0.366
(0.067) (0.334)
Urban residence 0.3 *** 0.543
(0.067) (0.559)
Vegetarian 1.086 *** 0.565
(0.067) (0.526)
Health 0.154 ** 0.141
(0.061) (0.522)
Lactose intolerance 0.244 *** 0.322
(0.062) (0.549)
Occupation 1.016 *** 1.079 **
(0.050) (0.451)
My relatives and friends occasionally purchase PBM 0.421 *** 0.690 **
(0.034) (0.323)
My relatives and friends frequently purchase PBM 0.914 *** 0.140
(0.066) (0.533)
Constant 6.23 *** 4.756 ***
(0.066) (1.060)

Standard errors in parentheses. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1.