AICDA	Activation-induced cytidine deaminase gene
AID	Activation-induced cytidine deaminase protein
AMM	Automated meiotic mapping
c-Myc	cellular Myc
CD	Cluster of differentiation
CNS1	Conserved non-coding sequence 1
CRISPR–Cas9	Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats and Cas-associated protein 9
CTLA	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen
DUSP10	Dual-specificity phosphatase gene
ESCs	Embryonic stem cells
FcRn	Neonatal Fc receptor
FOXP3	Forkhead box protein P3
GWAS	Genome-wide association study
HLA	Human leukocyte antigen
HRD	Homology-directed repair
IAA	Insulin autoantibodies
IBMIR	Instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction
Idd	Insulin-dependent diabetes
IFN	Interferon
IL-2	Interleukin-2
INS	Preproinsulin
IPC	Insulin-producing cells
IPPBC	Insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells
IPSCs	Induced pluripotent stem cells
Klf4	Krüppel-like factor 4
LV	Lentiviral vector
MHC	Major histocompatibility complex
MSC	Mesenchymal stem cells
NHEJ	Non-homologous end joining
NOD	Non-obese diabetic
Oct3/4	Octamer-binding transcription factor
PBMCs	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PHPI	Purified human pancreatic islets
PTPN1	Gene-encoding protein tyrosine phosphatases 1
Ptpn22	Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22
PTPN6	Gene-encoding protein tyrosine phosphatases 6
pTregs	Peripheral Treg
RORγt+	Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma T
SBCs	Stem β cells
SC	Stem cell
SC-β cells	Stem cell-derived β-cells
sgRNA	single guide RNA
Sox2	Sex-determining region Y-Box 2
STING	Stimulator of IFN genes
T1D	Type 1 diabetes
TCR	T-cell receptor
TEC	Thymic epithelial cells
Teffs	Effector T cells
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor
Treg	Regulatory T cells
tTreg	Thymic Treg