Table 1.
Fatty acid percentage of tilapia fillets under different treatment conditions during refrigerator storage.
| Fatty Acid (%) | Days | GasA | GasB | GasC | GasA-CP | GasB-CP | GasC-CP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C12:0 | 0 | 0.47 ± 0.04 aB | 0.44 ± 0.09 aC | 0.36 ± 0.09 aB | 0.35 ± 0.04 aB | 0.29 ± 0.02 aC | 0.52 ± 0.13 aC |
| 4 | 0.38 ± 0.07 cB | 0.90 ± 0.03 aB | 0.37 ± 0.05 cB | 0.45 ± 0.04 cB | 0.60 ± 0.06 bB | 0.83 ± 0.04 aB | |
| 8 | 1.23 ± 0.05 bA | 1.37 ± 0.04 abA | 1.29 ± 0.14 bA | 1.60 ± 0.08 aA | 0.98 ± 0.06 cA | 1.15 ± 0.05 bcA | |
| C14:0 | 0 | 2.18 ± 0.15 abA | 2.21 ± 0.24 abA | 1.89 ± 0.15 bB | 2.37 ± 0.19 abB | 2.30 ± 0.07 abB | 2.73 ± 0.28 aB |
| 4 | 2.34 ± 0.11 bA | 2.82 ± 0.39 abA | 2.39 ± 0.09 abB | 2.75 ± 0.14 abB | 2.92 ± 0.20 abA | 3.02 ± 0.07 aAB | |
| 8 | 2.62 ± 0.13 bA | 3.07 ± 0.10 bA | 3.40 ± 0.20 aA | 3.22 ± 0.21 aA | 3.30 ± 0.16 aA | 3.43 ± 0.15 aA | |
| C15:0 | 0 | 1.08 ± 0.14 cB | 2.02 ± 0.28 bA | 2.65 ± 0.14 aA | 1.78 ± 0.13 bA | 2.21 ± 0.06 abA | 2.04 ± 0.22 bA |
| 4 | 1.97 ± 0.23 aA | 1.01 ± 0.24 bB | 2.45 ± 0.21 aA | 1.87 ± 0.22 aA | 2.13 ± 0.08 aA | 1.96 ± 0.15 aA | |
| 8 | 1.60 ± 0.13 abAB | 1.86 ± 0.11 aB | 1.18 ± 0.08 cB | 1.65 ± 0.15 abA | 1.46 ± 0.01 bcB | 1.54 ± 0.12 abA | |
| C16:0 | 0 | 24.80 ± 0.17 aA | 24.40 ± 0.61 abB | 19.92 ± 0.64 dB | 23.70 ± 0.02 bcB | 23.81 ± 0.27 abB | 24.66 ± 0.11 cB |
| 4 | 24.64 ± 0.14 bA | 26.27 ± 0.34 aA | 24.82 ± 0.20 cA | 26.12 ± 0.25 aA | 24.57 ± 0.11 bB | 26.58 ± 0.25 aA | |
| 8 | 24.22 ± 0.55 cA | 24.84 ± 0.10b cB | 26.07 ± 0.62 cA | 26.60 ± 0.37 bA | 28.00 ± 0.16 abA | 27.11 ± 0.46 aA | |
| C17:0 | 0 | 1.15 ± 0.27 bB | 1.85 ± 0.14 abA | 2.54 ± 0.22 aA | 1.48 ± 0.38 bA | 1.90 ± 0.11 abB | 1.87 ± 0.09 abA |
| 4 | 1.79 ± 0.20 bAB | 0.66 ± 0.11 cB | 1.99 ± 0.11 abA | 1.54 ± 0.21 bA | 2.38 ± 0.10 aA | 1.98 ± 0.22 abA | |
| 8 | 2.31 ± 0.20 aA | 1.92 ± 0.26 abcA | 1.40 ± 0.13 cB | 2.16 ± 0.29 abA | 1.62 ± 0.06 bcB | 1.72 ± 0.14 abcA | |
| C18:0 | 0 | 5.17 ± 0.18 cA | 6.09 ± 0.04 abA | 6.48 ± 0.20 aA | 5.69 ± 0.31 bcA | 6.09 ± 0.12 abA | 5.15 ± 0.11 cA |
| 4 | 5.35 ± 0.24 aA | 5.41 ± 0.56 aA | 5.31 ± 0.07 aB | 5.33 ± 0.26 aA | 5.15 ± 0.24 aB | 4.73 ± 0.16 aA | |
| 8 | 4.80 ± 0.09 bcA | 4.98 ± 0.22 bcA | 5.59 ± 0.26 aB | 4.38 ± 0.16 cB | 4.94 ± 0.12 bcB | 5.16 ± 0.23 abA | |
| C20:0 | 0 | 0.90 ± 0.01 aA | 0.67 ± 0.06 bA | 0.87 ± 0.05 aA | 0.87 ± 0.1 aA | 0.78 ± 0.01 abB | 0.77 ± 0.02 abB |
| 4 | 1.20 ± 0.27 aA | 0.97 ± 0.19 aA | 0.87 ± 0.13 aA | 0.95 ± 0.09 aA | 0.89 ± 0.04 aAB | 0.81 ± 0.09 aB | |
| 8 | 1.17 ± 0.07 aA | 0.81 ± 0.02 cdA | 0.93 ± 0.06 bcA | 0.70 ± 0.05 dA | 0.99 ± 0.08 abA | 1.08 ± 0.04 abA | |
| C22:0 | 0 | 0.70 ± 0.17 bA | 0.81 ± 0.16bA | 1.24 ± 0.11 aA | 0.84 ± 0.11 bA | 0.73 ± 0.03 bAB | 0.65 ± 0.07 bA |
| 4 | 0.67 ± 0.12 abA | 1.08 ± 0.26aA | 0.88 ± 0.08 abB | 0.66 ± 0.12 abA | 1.02 ± 0.14 abA | 0.56 ± 0.03 bA | |
| 8 | 0.94 ± 0.07 aA | 0.65 ± 0.08 bA | 0.51 ± 0.02 bC | 0.58 ± 0.04 bA | 0.66 ± 0.06 bB | 0.62 ± 0.04 bA | |
| ΣSFA | 0 | 36.65 ± 0.77 cdA | 38.49 ± 0.30 aA | 35.95 ± 0.22 dB | 37.08 ± 0.55 bcdB | 38.44 ± 0.19 abcA | 38.39 ± 0.13 abcC |
| 4 | 38.34 ± 0.84 bcA | 39.13 ± 0.83 abA | 39.08 ± 0.27 cB | 39.68 ± 0.82 abA | 39.66 ± 0.24 abB | 40.47 ± 0.22 aB | |
| 8 | 38.91 ± 0.57 dA | 39.51 ± 0.29 cdA | 40.36 ± 0.49 bcA | 40.90 ± 0.12 abA | 41.95 ± 0.38 aA | 41.80 ± 0.38 aA | |
| C16:1 | 0 | 3.44 ± 0.26 aB | 3.23 ± 0.14 aA | 2.84 ± 0.20 aB | 3.29 ± 0.28 aB | 2.85 ± 0.13 aB | 3.41 ± 0.16 aA |
| 4 | 3.79 ± 0.09 aAB | 3.79 ± 0.44 aA | 3.92 ± 0.33 aA | 3.60 ± 0.06 aAB | 3.54 ± 0.25 aA | 3.73 ± 0.16 aA | |
| 8 | 4.14 ± 0.12 aA | 4.00 ± 0.54 aA | 4.03 ± 0.36 aA | 4.27 ± 0.36 aA | 3.55 ± 0.11 aA | 3.67 ± 0.25 aA | |
| C18:1 | 0 | 28.75 ± 0.53 aA | 26.98 ± 0.54 abcA | 27.89 ± 0.63 abA | 25.83 ± 0.85 cA | 26.54 ± 0.19 bcAB | 25.12 ± 0.65 bcA |
| 4 | 24.45 ± 0.41 bC | 26.40 ± 0.18 aA | 26.55 ± 0.60 aA | 25.32 ± 0.32 abA | 26.06 ± 0.15 aB | 25.99 ± 0.47 aA | |
| 8 | 26.41 ± 0.33 aB | 26.04 ± 0.23 aA | 25.51 ± 0.38 bA | 24.92 ± 0.49 bA | 25.55 ± 0.46 bA | 25.89 ± 0.74 bA | |
| ΣMUFA | 0 | 32.19 ± 0.36 aA | 30.21 ± 0.62 abA | 30.73 ± 0.80 abA | 29.12 ± 1.04 bA | 29.39 ± 0.31 bA | 28.54 ± 0.57 bA |
| 4 | 28.24 ± 0.33 cC | 30.19 ± 0.30 abA | 30.47 ± 0.33 aA | 28.93 ± 0.35 bcA | 29.60 ± 0.33 abA | 29.73 ± 0.58 abA | |
| 8 | 30.55 ± 0.38 aB | 30.05 ± 0.52 aA | 29.54 ± 0.09 aA | 29.19 ± 0.14 aA | 29.10 ± 0.54 aA | 29.55 ± 0.70 aA | |
| C18:2n-6 | 0 | 24.12 ± 0.55 aA | 21.79 ± 0.20 bA | 21.91 ± 0.53 bB | 24.22 ± 0.19 aA | 22.55 ± 0.12 bA | 24.52 ± 0.64 aA |
| 4 | 23.63 ± 0.09 aA | 20.47 ± 0.80 cA | 20.40 ± 0.23 aA | 22.72 ± 0.58 abB | 21.47 ± 0.54 bcA | 21.07 ± 0.27 cB | |
| 8 | 21.69 ± 0.22 aB | 22.00 ± 0.32 aA | 21.47 ± 0.22 abB | 21.64 ± 0.16 aB | 21.48 ± 0.12 abA | 20.80 ± 0.33 cB | |
| C18:3n-3 | 0 | 2.31 ± 0.07 aA | 1.74 ± 0.10 bA | 1.81 ± 0.03 bB | 2.35 ± 0.25 aA | 1.93 ± 0.13 abAB | 2.15 ± 0.08 abA |
| 4 | 2.25 ± 0.32 aA | 2.26 ± 0.39 aA | 1.98 ± 0.15 aAB | 1.94 ± 0.07 aA | 1.67 ± 0.11 aB | 1.67 ± 0.13 aA | |
| 8 | 2.46 ± 0.08 aA | 1.83 ± 0.01 bcA | 2.25 ± 0.10 abA | 2.11 ± 0.09 abcA | 2.07 ± 0.08 abcA | 1.76 ± 0.28 cA | |
| C20:2n-6 | 0 | 0.67 ± 0.10 aA | 0.84 ± 0.16 aA | 0.93 ± 0.09 aA | 0.82 ± 0.06 aA | 0.79 ± 0.07 aA | 0.90 ± 0.20 aA |
| 4 | 0.74 ± 0.02 bA | 0.97 ± 0.07 aA | 1.01 ± 0.05 aA | 0.82 ± 0.12 abA | 0.72 ± 0.05 bA | 0.67 ± 0.03 bA | |
| 8 | 0.65 ± 0.02 bcA | 0.69 ± 0.01 bcA | 0.83 ± 0.04 aA | 0.59 ± 0.04 cA | 0.71 ± 0.03 bA | 0.61 ± 0.04 bcA | |
| C20:4n-6 | 0 | 2.29 ± 0.22 eB | 3.85 ± 0.21 bcA | 4.69 ± 0.29 aA | 3.30 ± 0.26 cdAB | 4.13 ± 0.30 abA | 3.00 ± 0.13 deA |
| 4 | 3.21 ± 0.18 aA | 2.74 ± 0.24 aB | 3.73 ± 0.49 aA | 3.51 ± 0.10 aA | 3.42 ± 0.28 aA | 3.02 ± 0.32 aA | |
| 8 | 2.77 ± 0.13 aAB | 2.69 ± 0.06 aB | 2.55 ± 0.10 abB | 2.83 ± 0.10 aB | 2.17 ± 0.22 bB | 2.67 ± 0.19 aA | |
| C20:5n-3 | 0 | 0.55 ± 0.07 aA | 0.63 ± 0.05 aB | 0.67 ± 0.06 aA | 0.65 ± 0.06 aA | 0.59 ± 0.01 aA | 0.54 ± 0.05 aAB |
| 4 | 0.58 ± 0.09 bA | 1.18 ± 0.12 aA | 0.57 ± 0.03 bA | 0.53 ± 0.03 bA | 0.66 ± 0.06 bA | 0.64 ± 0.12 bA | |
| 8 | 0.68 ± 0.11 abA | 0.42 ± 0.05 bcB | 0.74 ± 0.12 aA | 0.54 ± 0.09 abcA | 0.43 ± 0.04 bcB | 0.33 ± 0.03 cB | |
| C22:4n-6 | 0 | 0.73 ± 0.14 cB | 1.44 ± 0.16 abA | 1.92 ± 0.31 aA | 1.29 ± 0.19 bcA | 1.31 ± 0.03 bcAB | 0.92 ± 0.04 bcA |
| 4 | 1.24 ± 0.13 abA | 1.07 ± 0.04 abA | 1.31 ± 0.03 aAB | 0.93 ± 0.06 bA | 1.39 ± 0.12 aA | 1.05 ± 0.18 abA | |
| 8 | 1.45 ± 0.06 abA | 1.62 ± 0.38 aA | 1.09 ± 0.08 abB | 1.21 ± 0.01 abA | 0.84 ± 0.08 bB | 1.15 ± 0.22 abA | |
| C22:5n-3 | 0 | 0.30 ± 0.01 bB | 0.30 ± 0.02 bB | 0.43 ± 0.13 abA | 0.40 ± 0.07 abA | 0.28 ± 0.02 bA | 0.54 ± 0.09 aA |
| 4 | 0.50 ± 0.05 bA | 0.94 ± 0.14 aA | 0.35 ± 0.05 bA | 0.26 ± 0.03 bA | 0.41 ± 0.08 bA | 0.43 ± 0.06 bA | |
| 8 | 0.30 ± 0.05 bB | 0.57 ± 0.07 aB | 0.46 ± 0.13 abA | 0.32 ± 0.01 bA | 0.37 ± 0.02 abA | 0.41 ± 0.02 abA | |
| C22-6n-3 | 0 | 0.64 ± 0.09 cdB | 0.70 ± 0.06 cdB | 0.96 ± 0.04 abB | 0.80 ± 0.08 bcA | 1.10 ± 0.08 aA | 0.50 ± 0.07 dC |
| 4 | 1.28 ± 0.04 aA | 1.04 ± 0.09 aA | 1.11 ± 0.08 aB | 0.68 ± 0.08 bA | 0.99 ± 0.15 aA | 1.24 ± 0.09 aA | |
| 8 | 0.54 ± 0.02 cB | 0.62 ± 0.08 bB | 0.71 ± 0.10 abA | 0.67 ± 0.09 bA | 0.63 ± 0.04 bB | 0.94 ± 0.06 aB | |
| ΣPUFA | 0 | 31.85 ± 0.71 abAB | 31.29 ± 0.39 bA | 33.32 ± 0.99 abA | 33.83 ± 0.61 aA | 32.50 ± 0.26 abA | 33.07 ± 0.51 abA |
| 4 | 33.59 ± 0.61 aA | 30.69 ± 0.68 bA | 30.45 ± 0.34 aA | 31.39 ± 0.80 bB | 30.74 ± 0.56 bB | 29.80 ± 0.38 bB | |
| 8 | 30.54 ± 0.40 aB | 30.45 ± 0.31 aA | 30.09 ± 0.42 aB | 29.91 ± 0.11 aB | 28.70 ± 0.32 bC | 28.65 ± 0.43 bB | |
| Σn-3PUFA | 0 | 3.80 ± 0.03 abB | 3.37 ± 0.15 bB | 3.87 ± 0.44 aA | 4.19 ± 0.23 aA | 3.90 ± 0.07 abA | 3.73 ± 0.15 abA |
| 4 | 4.60 ± 0.23 bA | 5.43 ± 0.35 aA | 4.00 ± 0.16 bcB | 3.41 ± 0.18 cB | 3.74 ± 0.25 cAB | 3.98 ± 0.24 bcA | |
| 8 | 3.99 ± 0.14 bB | 3.44 ± 0.19 bcB | 4.85 ± 0.23 aA | 3.64 ± 0.21 bcAB | 3.30 ± 0.09 cB | 3.44 ± 0.21 bcA | |
| Σn-6PUFA | 0 | 28.10 ± 0.54 aA | 27.92 ± 0.41 aA | 29.45 ± 0.78 aA | 29.64 ± 0.50 aA | 28.60 ± 0.27 aA | 29.34 ± 0.60 aA |
| 4 | 28.81 ± 0.35 aA | 25.30 ± 0.66 dB | 26.46 ± 0.29 cdB | 27.98 ± 0.71 cdB | 27.00 ± 0.31 bcB | 25.82 ± 0.20 cdB | |
| 8 | 26.56 ± 0.27 aB | 27.00 ± 0.12 aA | 25.34 ± 0.23 bB | 26.27 ± 0.26 bB | 25.40 ± 0.36 bC | 25.21 ± 0.35 bB | |
| Σn-3/Σn-6PUFA | 0 | 0.14 ± 0.00 aA | 0.12 ± 0.01 bB | 0.13 ± 0.00 abB | 0.14 ± 0.01 abA | 0.14 ± 0.00 aA | 0.13 ± 0.01 abA |
| 4 | 0.16 ± 0.01 bA | 0.21 ± 0.02 aA | 0.15 ± 0.01 bB | 0.12 ± 0.01 cA | 0.14 ± 0.01 bcA | 0.15 ± 0.01 bA | |
| 8 | 0.15 ± 0.00 bA | 0.13 ± 0.01 bB | 0.19 ± 0.01 aA | 0.14 ± 0.01 bA | 0.13 ± 0.00 bA | 0.14 ± 0.01 bA |
Standard deviation (n = 3). Different capital letters (A–C) in the same column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters (a–e) on the bars within the same storage time indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). Caption: See Figure 1.