Table 2.

Mean patient scores for NRS, ODI, PGI, and CGI.

	NRS Mean ± SD				ODI Mean ± SD				PGI Mean ± SD				CGI Mean ± SD
	Total (n = 43)	Stress (n = 21)	No Stress (n = 22)	p-Value *	Total (n = 43)	Stress (n = 21)	No Stress (n = 22)	p-Value *	Total (n = 43)	Stress (n = 21)	No Stress (n = 22)	p-Value *	Total (n = 43)	Stress (n = 21)	No Stress (n = 22)	p-Value *
Baseline	7.74 ± 1.17	7.61 ± 1.32	7.86 ± 1.03	0.502	43.79 ± 11.96	41.76 ± 13.69	45.72 ± 9.98	0.283	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1 Month	5.51 ± 2.64	6.19 ± 2.74	4.86 ± 2.41	0.100	42.20 ± 12.00	44.61 ± 12.59	39.90 ± 11.22	0.202	3.11 ± 0.93	3.42 ± 0.87	2.81 ± 0.90	0.030	2.11 ± 0.90	2.42 ± 0.81	1.81 ± 0.90	0.025
3 Months	5.46 ± 2.67	6.00 ± 2.81	4.95 ± 2.49	0.204	41.58 ± 12.83	44.09 ± 13.45	39.18 ± 12.02	0.213	0.92 ± 1.06	3.23 ± 1.17	2.77 ± 0.92	0.156	2.04 ± 0.99	2.33 ± 1.01	1.77 ± 0.92	0.065
6 Months	5.53 ± 2.65	6.09 ± 2.79	5.00 ± 2.46	0.180	42.00 ± 12.88	45.33 ± 14.03	38.81 ± 11.08	0.098	3.04 ± 1.09	3.33 ± 1.19	2.77 ± 0.92	0.092	2.09 ± 1.01	2.42 ± 1.02	1.77 ± 0.92	0.033
12 Months	6.18 ± 2.61	7.23 ± 2.54	5.18 ± 2.30	0.008	42.27 ± 11.43	46.28 ± 11.05	38.45 ± 10.67	0.023	3.32 ± 1.04	3.71 ± 0.95	2.95 ± 0.99	0.015	2.69 ± 1.16	3.19 ± 1.03	2.22 ± 1.10	0.005
p -value **	0.001	0.044			0.093	0.011			0.895	0.026			0.540	0.011

SD: standard deviation; NRS: Numeric Rating Scale; ODI: Oswestry Disability Index; PGI: Patient Global Impression of Improvement; CGI: Clinical Global Impression of Improvement. * Comparison between scores for stress and no-stress groups at a specific time during follow-up. Repeated-measures one-factor ANOVA test. ** Comparison between scores throughout follow-up for (1) total and (2) stress and no stress groups together. Repeated-measures one-factor ANOVA test.