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. 2023 Dec 29;13(1):207. doi: 10.3390/jcm13010207

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Esophagoscopic images of endoscopically detected esophageal lesions. Images of all five endoscopically detected esophageal lesions in patients with significant esophageal temperature rise (n = 35) during pulmonary vein isolation with the novel radiofrequency balloon catheter. (A) Type 2a lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 44 °C during ablation of the LIPV, (B) type 1 lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 44 °C during ablation of the LIPV, (C) type 2a lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 45 °C during ablation of the LIPV, (D) type 1 lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 46 °C during ablation of the LSPV, (E) type 2a lesion after esophageal temperature rise of 46 °C during ablation of the LIPV. LSPV = left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV = left inferior pulmonary vein.