| aPWV | aortic pulse-wave velocity |
| CARDIA | Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study |
| cfPWV | carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity |
| cIMT | carotid intima–media thickness |
| CVDs | cardiovascular diseases |
| HFCS | high fructose corn syrup |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| obsHBP | observed high blood pressure (BP > 130/80 mmHg) |
| VAI | vascular aging index |