B6	vitamin B6
PLP	pyridoxal 5′-phosphate
PN	pyridoxine
PL	pyridoxal
PA	pyridoxic acid
HK	3-hydroxykynurenine
XA	xanthurenic acid
OR	odds ratio
HR	hazard ratio
CI	confidence interval
25(OH)D	25-hydroxyvitamin D
T2DM	type 2 diabetic mellitus
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B1	vitamin B1
B2	vitamin B2
B12	vitamin B12
CVD	cardiovascular disease
CHD	coronary heart disease
NHANES	National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
PAr index	(pyridoxic acid)/(pyridoxal + pyridoxal 5′-phosphate) index
SD	standard deviation
IL-6	interleukin-6
hs-CRP	high sensitive C-reactive protein
RTR	renal transplant recipient
A	vitamin A
C	vitamin C
E	vitamin E
RDA	recommended dietary allowance
ALT	alanine aminotransferase
BCAA	branched chain amino acids
IGF1	insulin-like growth factor-1
Nrf2	NF-E2-related factor 2
HSP	heat shock protein
AKT	Akt serine/threonine kinase (also called protein kinase B)
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
4EBP1	eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1
S6K	p70 S6K kinase
L-carnosine	β-alanyl-L-histidine
L-anserine	β-alanyl-3-methylhistidine
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
NLRP3	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3
NF-κB	nuclear factor-kappa B
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
Sirt1	NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase (also called Sirtuin 1)
PD-L1	programmed death-ligand 1
PD-1	programmed cell death protein 1