Fig. 1. Complete survey methodology. The complete survey consisted of 64 questions on SDF clinical practices divided into five sections: demographics, indications for SDF testing, technical aspects of SDF testing, management of elevated SDF, and barriers in incorporating SDF into clinical practice. A total of 18 recommendations were made as follows: seven for indications for SDF testing, ten for management of infertile men with elevated SDF, and one for technical aspects of SDF testing. Passing criteria for the Delphi method was set at >80% scoring the recommendation ≥7 in agreement. SDF: sperm DNA fragmentation, GAF: global andrology forum.
