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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 11.
Published in final edited form as: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2021 Feb;29(2):337–349. doi: 10.1002/oby.23065

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Kynurenine (Kyn) induces body mass gain primarily in the subcutaneous fat depot. (A) Male B6 mice (n = 6 mice/experimental group) were fed low-fat control, control+Kyn, or Western diets ad libitum for 20 weeks beginning at weaning. (B) Food consumption for each experimental group (n = 4) was determined over a 10- to 14-day period beginning at week 15 during the 20-week diet regimen. (C) Liver, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), gonadal or visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass/body mass (BM) ratios were determined at the end of the 20-week diet regimen (n = 6/experimental group). (D) Representative sections (n = 3) of epididymal (VAT) and inguinal (SCAT) adipose tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin at termination of the 20-week diet regimen. (E) Kyn levels and (F) Kyn to tryptophan (Trp) ratios in plasma were determined by HPLC at termination of the 20-week diet regimen (n = 3). (G) Male B6 mice (n = 3 mice/experimental group) were given water ± 1-methyl-L-tryptophan (1MLT, 5 mg/mL) ad libitum for 14 weeks beginning at weaning. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001. Error bars represent SEM. IDO1, indole-2,3-dioxygenase 1.