. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 11.

Published in final edited form as: J Res Adolesc. 2021 Nov 30;32(2):596–610. doi: 10.1111/jora.12693

TABLE 3.

Multi-Level Models Predicting Sleep Duration and Sleep Ǫuality

	Sleep Duration						Sleep Quality

	Unconditional Means Model		Model 1		Model 2		Unconditional Means Model		Model 3		Model 4

Effect	b (SE)	p	b (SE)	p	b (SE)	p	b (SE)	p	b (SE)	p	b (SE)	p

Fixed effects
Intercept	7.74 (0.09)	<.001	7.69 (0.31)	<.0001	7.72 (0.32)	<.0001	2.42 (0.07)	<.001	2.52 (0.22)	<.0001	2.51 (0.22)	<.0001
Discrimination			−0.58 (0.18)	.01	−0.69 (0.3)	.03			−0.26 (0.14)	.07	−0.18 (0.21)	.39
Friend support			−0.06 (0.11)	.55	−0.01 (0.11)	.94			−0.02 (0.07)	.74	0 (0.08)	.97
Parent support			0.22 (0.13)	.1	0.22 (0.14)	.12			0.12 (0.09)	.17	0.17 (0.1)	.07
Teacher support			0.24 (0.11)	.04	0.17 (0.11)	.14			0.1 (0.08)	.22	0.07 (0.08)	.4
BPC discrimination			−0.04 (0.86)	.96	0.08 (0.88)	.92			0.89 (0.62)	.15	0.96 (0.62)	.13
BPC friend support			−1.44 (0.51)	.01	−1.44 (0.52)	.01			−0.33 (0.37)	.37	−0.35 (0.37)	.35
BPC parent support			0.55 (0.47)	.24	0.53 (0.47)	.26			0.75 (0.33)	.03	0.71 (0.33)	.04
BPC teacher support			0.25 (0.36)	.49	0.27 (0.37)	.47			0.07 (0.26)	.8	0.08 (0.26)	.76
Discrim. × Friend Supp.					−0.56 (0.31)	.08					−0.24 (0.22)	.28
Discrim. × Parent Supp.					0.07 (0.38)	.86					−0.38 (0.26)	.14
Discrim. × Teacher Supp.					0.72 (0.35)	.04					0.3 (0.25)	.23
Covariates
Asian American^a			−0.22 (0.26)	.4	−0.25 (0.26)	.33			−0.25 (0.18)	.18	−0.24 (0.18)	.19
Biracial^a			0.22 (0.26)	.39	0.21 (0.26)	.43			0.14 (0.18)	.45	0.13 (0.18)	.47
Black^a			−0.72 (0.34)	.04	−0.73 (0.35)	.04			0.01 (0.25)	.98	0.01 (0.25)	.97
Sex^b			0.06 (0.2)	.76	0.06 (0.2)	.78			−0.03 (0.14)	.82	−0.04 (0.14)	.8
Day^c			0.03 (0.01)	.02	0.03 (0.01)	.02			0.01 (0.01)	.37	0.01 (0.01)	.38
Grade level^d			−0.09 (0.2)	.66	−0.07 (0.21)	.72			0.03 (0.15)	.85	0.03 (0.15)	.86
Nativity^e			−0.16 (0.29)	.59	−0.17 (0.29)	.56			−0.15 (0.21)	.48	−0.15 (0.21)	.48
Random effects
AR (1)	0.08 (0.05)	.12	0.09 (0.06)	.13	0.09 (0.06)	.1	0.04 (0.05)	.37	0.07 (0.06)	.22	0.07 (0.06)	.2
Residual	1.30 (0.07)	<.001	1.10 (0.07)	<.001	0.93 (0.06)	<.001	0.56 (0.03)	<.001	0.51 (0.03)	<.001	0.51 (0.03)	<.001

Note. BPC = between-person centered; Discrim = Discrimination; Supp. = support. Significant results are bolded. Degrees of freedom were specified using the Satterthwaite method.

Latino/a/x is the reference group.

1 = female and 0 = male.

Day centered around the middle point (Day 7).

1 = 9th grade, 0 = 10th grade.

1 = U.S.-born, 0 = foreign-born.