Table 1. Univariate analysis of pneumothorax.
| Variable | Pneumothorax | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | ||
| Hospitalization | |||
| Outpatient | 163 (86.7) | 25 (13.3) | 0.877 |
| Inpatient | 353 (82.7) | 52 (12.8) | |
| MDT | |||
| No | 449 (87.9) | 62 (12.1) | 0.123 |
| Yes | 67 (81.7) | 15 (18.3) | |
| Age (years) | 58.53±11.45 | 64.11±8.88 | <0.0001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 255 (85.0) | 45 (15.0) | 0.140 |
| Female | 261 (89.1) | 32 (10.9) | |
| Smoke | |||
| No | 343 (88.2) | 46 (11.8) | 0.246 |
| Yes | 173 (84.8) | 31 (15.2) | |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 466 (87.9) | 64 (12.1) | 0.056 |
| Yes | 50 (79.4) | 13 (20.6) | |
| Hypertension | |||
| No | 312 (86.9) | 47 (13.1) | 0.923 |
| Yes | 204 (87.2) | 30 (12.8) | |
| Emphysema | |||
| No | 457 (89.1) | 56 (10.9) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 59 (73.8) | 21 (26.3) | |
| Lobe | |||
| Upper | 264 (84.9) | 47 (15.1) | 0.105 |
| Lower | 252 (89.4) | 30 (10.6) | |
| Location | |||
| Peripheral | 381 (85.6) | 64 (14.4) | 0.242 |
| Hilar | 46 (92.0) | 4 (8.0) | |
| Intermediate | 89 (90.8) | 9 (9.2) | |
| CTR | |||
| ≤50% | 125 (91.2) | 12 (8.8) | 0.093 |
| >50% | 391 (85.7) | 65 (14.3) | |
| Breathing training | |||
| No | 420 (86.4) | 66 (13.6) | 0.358 |
| Yes | 96 (89.7) | 11 (10.3) | |
| Operation time (min) | 16.41±8.63 | 20.04±13.01 | 0.001 |
| Length of puncture (cm) | 3.79±4.47 | 3.58±2.26 | 0.687 |
| Size of needles | |||
| 16 or 17 G | 371 (88.8) | 47 (11.2) | 0.051 |
| 18 or 19 G | 145 (82.9) | 30 (17.1) | |
| Manner of cutting | |||
| Semi-automatic | 285 (85.3) | 49 (14.7) | 0.165 |
| Automatic | 231 (89.2) | 28 (10.8) | |
| Coaxial technical | |||
| Non-coaxial | 272 (84.5) | 50 (15.5) | 0.045 |
| Coaxial | 244 (90.0) | 27 (10.0) | |
Data are presented as n (%) and mean ± standard deviation. MDT, multidisciplinary treatment; CTR, consolidation to tumor ratio.