Table 2.

Studies assessing strain based CMR by HARP, SENC or fast-SENC for the prediction of MACE.

Study	Population and follow-up duration	CMR prognostic parameters	MACE-Definition and cases recorded	Hardware and software
Korosoglou et al. 201118	320 consecutive symptomatic patients with known or suspected CAD – Age: 64 ± 14, 74% males – Follow-up 2.3 ± 0.8 months	– WMA – Visual SENC – Strain reserve – Strain rate reserve	– Hard endpoints: 10 cardiac death, 25 nonfatal myocardial infarctions – 32 Revascularization > 90 days after CMR (27 PCI and 5 CABG)	– 1.5-T whole-body MR scanner Achieva system (Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands) – View Forum software (Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands) – Diagnosoft SENC, version 1.06 (Diagnosoft, Inc., Palo Alto, California)
Choi et al. 201322	– MESA participants (asymptomatic individuals) from multiple ethnicities – 1768 patients with no CVD – Age: 64.9 ± 9.8, 53% males – Follow-up 5.5 ± 1.3 years	– HARP method – Ecc global and midmyocardial	– MESA endpoints: 39 newly HF diagnoses, 11 of which had MI. In total, 79 patients with CAD and 108 with newly diagnosed CVD	– 1.5 T scanners – HARP method analysis in MATLAB software or HARP1.15, Diagnosoft, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Sharma et al. 201423	– 1392 participants from MESA cohort (asymptomatic individuals) – Separation based on sex: 640 males aged 64.71 ± 9.61 and 752 women aged 64.33 ± 9.81 – Follow-up 8.3 [7.5–8.6] years	– HARP method – LV Dyssynchrony based on time to peak systolic Ecc	– Women: 11 hard cardiac events (MI, aborted SCD, death from CAD), 17 all cardiac events and 17 strokes – Men:42 hard cardiac events (MI, aborted SCD, death from CAD), 62 all cardiac events and 42 strokes	– 1.5 T scanners – HARP 1.15; Diagnosoft
Venkatesh et al. 201424	– 1544 patients from MESA cohort – Age 65 ± 9.7, 53% males – Follow-up 8.0 years	– HARP method – SRI – EDSR	– Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrence: 57 AF, 36 HF and 80 both	– 1.5 T scanners – HARP 1.15; Diagnosoft
Mordi et al. 201525	– 539 consecutive patients, 56.8% referred to CMR due to HF – Age 48.1 ± 15.4, 63.6% males – Follow-up 2.2 ± 1.2 years	– HARP method – Eccglobal – LGE	– All-cause death, HF hospitalization and aborted SCD constituted the primary endpoint	– Argus software; Siemens, Erlangen, Germany – HARP version 5.03, Diagnosoft, Durham, North Carolina
Korosoglou et al. 202119	– 1169 consecutive patients with HF, CAD, or clinically referred to stress CMR – Age 55 ± 17, 52% males – 61 healthy subjects aged 29 ± 9 and 51% males to render normal range of SENC strain – Follow-up 1.9 ± 0.4 years	– Fast SENC – Percentage of healthy myocardium based on Ecc global and GLS	– Hospitalization due to HF congestion and all-cause mortality constituted the primary endpoint – Initiation of HF treatment was the secondary endpoint of the study	– 1.5-T clinical scanners: Ingenia or Achieva, Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands – Fast-Senc MyoStrain software (Myocardial Solutions, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina, USA)
Steen et al. 202120	– 111 patients referred to adenosine stress CMR – Age 62.6 ± 11.8, 68% males – Follow-up 1.94 ± 0.65 years	– Fast SENC – Global and regional Ecc, GLS and regionals longitudinal strain	– All-cause mortality, non-fatal MI and urgent revascularization with PCI or CABG constituted the primary endpoint of the study	– 1.5 T MR system (Achieva, Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands – Fast-Senc MyoStrain software (Myocardial Solutions, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina, USA)
Pezel et al. 202226	– 1506 patients from MESA cohort – Age 63.3 ± 9.4, 54.6% males Follow-up of duration of 15.9 (12.9–16.6) years	– HARP method – Multilayer und total Ecc	– CVD including HF, congestive HF, MI, aborted SCD and CAD related death constituted the primary endpoint	– 1.5 T CVi, General Electric Medical Systems, Waukesha, WI; Sonata/Symphony Siemens Medical Solutions, Germany – MASS, 4.2 Medis, the Netherlands and HARP commercial v. 3.0, Myocardial Solutions/Diagnosoft, Morrisville, NC built in MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA)