Table 1.
Effect of MgO-NPs treatments on total phenolic, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin content and antioxidant potential in methanolic extracts of spinach shoots and roots
| Plants' parts | Treatment | TPC (mg/g DW) | TFC (mg/g DW) | TAC (mg/g DW) | FRAP (mg of FE/g DE) | DPPH IC50 (mg/ml) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shoot | Control | 45.411 ± 0.69b | 121.107 ± 0.81c | 98.001 ± 4.99d | 7.902 ± 0.11a | 18.362 ± 0.44e |
| NP-10 | 65.296 ± 0.37d | 170.520 ± 0.79d | 37.044 ± 5.29b | 9.146 ± 0.12b | 13.750 ± 0.29d | |
| NP-50 | 111.210 ± 0.96e | 200.469 ± 1.04e | 71.842 ± 2.76c | 9.877 ± 0.14c | 11.107 ± 0.03b | |
| NP-100 | 55.661 ± 0.17c | 110.833 ± 0.61b | 30.699 ± 1.81ab | 7.999 ± 0.17a | 12.857 ± 0.24c | |
| NP-150 | 24.982 ± 0.13a | 65.548 ± 0.21a | 23.777 ± 0.95a | 7.751 ± 0.11a | 10.054 ± 0.09a | |
| Root | Control | 86.434 ± 1.21d | 157.290 ± 0.63d | ND | 7.766 ± 0.15c | 20.976 ± 0.72d |
| NP-10 | 100.484 ± 0.96e | 180.409 ± 0.16e | ND | 6.542 ± 0.09b | 14.693 ± 0.25c | |
| NP-50 | 68.046 ± 0.88c | 126.728 ± 0.20c | ND | 6.276 ± 0.09b | 11.417 ± 0.09a | |
| NP-100 | 17.894 ± 0.25a | 43.336 ± 0.07a | ND | 6.595 ± 0.09b | 12.834 ± 0.26b | |
| NP-150 | 28.690 ± 0.70b | 83.363 ± 0.14b | ND | 6.045 ± 0.05a | 15.558 ± 0.09c |
In shoots, FRAP and DPPH IC50 values indicated the enhanced antioxidant potential of nanoprimed spinach than control due to enhanced accumulation of phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. In roots, DPPH IC50 values indicated an enhanced antioxidant potential of spinach roots but poor reduction potential to convert ferric iron to ferrous iron
Note: Different superscript letters in the Table are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). TPC Total phenolic content, TFC Total flavonoid content, TAC Total anthocyanin content, ND not detected