Table 1.
Demographics of 3390 SICCA Participants by SjD Status
| Characteristic | All (n = 3380) | Non-SjD (n = 1848) | SjD (n = 1532) | Difference (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.0 ± 13.2 | 53.6 ± 13.0 | 52.3 ± 13.4 | −1.3 (−2.2 to −0.5) | 0.003 |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Female | 3078 (91.1) | 1646 (89.1) | 1432 (93.5) | 4.4% (2.5% to 6.3) | |
| Male | 293 (8.7) | 196 (10.6) | 97 (6.3) | −4.3% (−6.2% to −2.4%) | |
| Region | <0.001 | ||||
| America | 1687 (49.9) | 1024 (55.4) | 663 (43.3) | −12.1% (−15.6% to −8.7%) | |
| Asia | 805 (23.8) | 278 (15.0) | 527 (34.4) | 19.4% (16.4% to 22.3%) | |
| Europe | 888 (26.3) | 546 (29.5) | 342 (22.3) | −7.2% (−10.2% to −4.2%) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| Caucasian | 1969 (58.3) | 1248 (67.5) | 721 (47.1) | −20.5% (−23.8% to −17.1%) | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 919 (27.2) | 324 (17.5) | 595 (38.8) | 21.3% (18.3% to 24.4%) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 352 (10.4) | 202 (10.9) | 150 (9.8) | −1.1% (−3.3% to 1.0%) | |
| African | 93 (2.8) | 47 (2.5) | 46 (3.0) | 0.5% (−0.7% to 1.6%) | |
| Native American | 35 (1.0) | 19 (1.0) | 16 (1.0) | 0.0% (−0.7% to 0.7%) | |
| Education | 0.003 | ||||
| High school and lower | 1378 (40.8) | 701 (37.9) | 677 (44.2) | 6.3% (2.9% to 9.6%) | |
| College and above | 2002 (59.2) | 1147 (62.1) | 855 (55.8) | −6.3% (−9.6% to −2.9%) | |
| Employment | <0.001 | ||||
| Not Working | 547 (16.2) | 362 (19.6) | 185 (12.1) | −7.5% (−10.0% to −5.0%) | |
| Working | 2082 (61.6) | 1063 (57.5) | 1019 (66.5) | 9.0% (5.7% to 12.3%) | |
| Retired | 740 (21.9) | 416 (22.5) | 324 (21.1) | −1.4% (−4.2% to 1.5%) | |
| Others | 481 (14.2) | 248 (13.6) | 233 (14.8) | 1.2% (−1.2% to 3.6%) | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | ||||
| Never | 1995 (59.0) | 975 (52.8) | 1020 (66.6) | 13.8% (10.5% to 17.2%) | |
| Ever | 1063 (31.4) | 627 (33.9) | 436 (28.5) | −5.5% (−8.7% to −2.3%) | |
| Current | 322 (9.5) | 246 (13.3) | 76 (5.0) | −8.4% (−10.3% to −6.4%) | |
| General health | 0.004 | ||||
| Poor | 396 (11.7) | 257 (13.9) | 139 (9.1) | −4.8% (−7.0% to −2.6%) | |
| Fair | 1270 (37.6) | 687 (37.2) | 583 (38.1) | 0.9% (−2.5% to 4.2%) | |
| Good | 1149 (34.0) | 596 (32.3) | 553 (36.1) | 3.8% (0.6% to 7.1%) | |
| Very Good | 491 (14.5) | 267 (14.4) | 224 (14.6) | 0.2% (−2.3% to 2.6%) | |
| Excellent | 63 (1.9) | 33 (1.8) | 30 (2.0) | 0.2% (−0.8% to 1.2%) | |
| Ability to produce tears | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 760 (22.5) | 288 (15.6) | 472 (30.8) | 15.2% (12.3% to 18.1%) | |
| Yes | 2603 (77.0) | 1551 (83.9) | 1052 (68.7) | −15.3% (−18.2% to −12.3%) | |
| Dry eye therapy | |||||
| Artificial tears | 2140 (63.3) | 1164 (63.0) | 976 (63.7) | 0.7% (−2.6% to 4.0%) | >0.999 |
| Punctal occlusion | 317 (9.4) | 160 (8.7) | 157 (10.2) | 1.6% (−0.5% to 3.6%) | >0.999 |
| Steroids | 130 (3.8) | 75 (4.1) | 55 (3.6) | −0.5% (−1.8% to 0.9%) | >0.999 |
| Antibiotics | 192 (5.7) | 86 (4.7) | 106 (6.9) | 2.3% (0.6% to 3.9%) | 0.047 |
| Cyclosporine | 327 (9.7) | 188 (10.2) | 139 (9.1) | −1.1% (−3.2% to 1.0%) | >0.999 |
| No. of dry eye therapies | 1.000 | ||||
| 0 | 1134 (33.6) | 641 (34.7) | 493 (32.2) | −2.5% (−5.8% to 0.7%) | |
| 1 | 1600 (47.3) | 861 (46.6) | 739 (48.2) | 1.6% (−1.8% to 5.1%) | |
| ≥2 | 646 (19.1) | 346 (18.7) | 300 (19.6) | 0.9% (−1.9% to 3.6%) | |
| Length of feeling eye dry (years) | 3.91 (7.65) | 3.73 (7.46) | 4.16 (7.80) | 0.43 (−0.09 to 0.93) | 0.210 |
Values are mean ± SD, number (%), or median (IQR) unless otherwise noted.