Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of patients according to the tertiles of stress hyperglycemia ratio
| Variables | All patients | T1 (≤ 1.11) | T2 (1.12–1.36) | T3 (≥ 1.37) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 250 | 83 | 83 | 84 | ||
| Age (median [IQR]) | 65 (57–74) | 64 (57- 74) | 66 (55- 75) | 66 (57–73) | 0.90 |
| Male, n (%) | 188/250 (75.2) | 63/83 (75.9) | 65/83 (78.3) | 60/84 (71.4) | 0.58 |
| BP on admissiona | |||||
| SBP (median [IQR]) | 149.00 (131.00–167.50) | 146.50 (130.00–163.00) | 153.00 (139.00- 168.00) | 146.00 (130.00- 169.75) | 0.38 |
| DBP (median [IQR]) | 84.00 (78.00- 98.50) | 83.00 (75.75- 96.25) | 86.00 (79.00- 101.00) | 83.00 (75.25- 99.50) | 0.53 |
| Glucose (median [IQR]) | 7.31 (6.07–9.19) | 5.72 (5.37–6.28) | 7.26 (6.78–8.18) | 10.11 (8.37–13.00) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1C (median [IQR]) | 5.90 (5.50–6.60) | 5.90 (5.50–6.60) | 5.90 (5.60–6.40) | 5.95 (5.50–7.18) | 0.89 |
| Diabetes-related information | |||||
| History of diabetes mellitus | 63/250 (25.2) | 16/83 (19.3) | 17/83 (20.5) | 30/84 (35.7) | 0.02 |
| Diabetes treated prior to stroke | 26/63 (41.3) | 8/16 (50.0) | 9/17 (52.9) | 9/30 (30.0) | 0.22 |
| Treatment | 0.22 | ||||
| Insulin therapy | 5/26 (19.2) | 2/8 (25.0) | NA | 3/9 (33.3) | |
| Oral hypoglycemic agent | 21/26 (80.8) | 6/8 (75.0) | 9/9 (100.0) | 6/9 (66.7) | |
| Baseline NIHSS score (median [IQR]) | 23.00 (14.00–32.00) | 21.00 (11.00–29.00) | 24.00 (14.00–32.00) | 24.50 (15.25–32.00) | 0.29 |
| Baseline pc-ASPECTS (median [IQR])b | 8.00 (7.00–9.00) | 8.00 (7.00–10.00) | 8.00 (7.00–10.00) | 8.00 (7.00–9.00) | 0.13 |
| PC-CS score (median [IQR]) | 5.00 (3.00–6.00) | 5.00 (4.00–6.00) | 5.00 (3.00- 6.00) | 5.00 (3.00–6.00) | 0.56 |
| BATMAN score (median [IQR]) | 5.00 (3.00–6.00) | 4.00 (3.00- 6.00) | 4.00 (3.00- 6.00) | 5.00 (3.00- 6.00) | 0.73 |
| Medical history (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 175/250 (70.0) | 59/83 (71.1) | 57/83 (68.7) | 59/84 (70.2) | 0.94 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 105/250 (42.0) | 30/83 (36.1) | 40/83 (48.2) | 35/84 (41.7) | 0.29 |
| Smoking | 98/250 (39.2) | 36/83 (43.4) | 34/83 (41.0) | 28/84 (33.3) | 0.38 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 50/250 (20.0) | 16/83 (19.3) | 16/83 (19.3) | 18/84 (21.4) | 0.92 |
| Transient ischemic attack | 4/250 (1.6) | 1/83 (1.2) | 1/83 (1.2) | 2/84 (2.4) | > 0.99 |
| Coronary heart disease | 36/250 (14.4) | 10/83 (12.0) | 14/83 (16.9) | 12/84 (14.3) | 0.68 |
| Stroke Etiology (%) | 0.60 | ||||
| LAA | 167/250 (66.8) | 56/83 (67.5) | 60/83 (72.3) | 51/84 (60.7) | |
| CE | 66/250 (26.4) | 21/83 (25.3) | 18/83 (21.7) | 27/84 (32.1) | |
| Other causes | 17/250 (6.8) | 6/83 (7.2) | 5/83 (6.0) | 6/84 (7.1) | |
| Occlusion Site (%) | 0.76 | ||||
| Distal BA | 77/250 (30.8) | 26/83 (31.3) | 24/83 (28.9) | 27/84 (32.1) | |
| Middle BA | 74/250 (29.6) | 28/83 (33.7) | 25/83 (30.1) | 21/84 (25.0) | |
| Proximal BA | 52/250 (20.8) | 18/83 (21.7) | 16/83 (19.3) | 18/84 (21.4) | |
| VA-V4 | 47/250 (18.8) | 11/83 (13.3) | 18/83 (21.7) | 18/84 (21.4) | |
| IVT (%) | 37/250 (14.8) | 7/83 (8.4) | 19/83 (22.9) | 11/84 (13.1) | 0.03 |
| Recanalization (%) | 204/250 (81.6) | 68/83 (81.9) | 63/83 (75.9) | 73/84 (86.9) | 0.19 |
| OTP (median [IQR], min)c | 315.00 (219.50–495.50) | 336.00 (220.00–475.00) | 313.50 (213.00–505.25) | 312.00 (222.25–495.75) | > 0.99 |
| OTR (median [IQR], min)d | 433.00 (320.00–631.00) | 430.00 (324.00–625.00) | 459.50 (332.25–665.00) | 429.50 (298.00–636.25) | 0.57 |
Abbreviations: SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, pc-ASPECTS Posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score, pc-CS score Posterior circulation collateral system score, BATMAN score Basilar artery on tomography angiography, LAA Large artery atherosclerosis, CE Cardio-embolism, BA Basilar artery, VA-V4 Vertebral artery V4 segment, IVT Intravenous thrombolysis, OTP Onset to puncture, OTR Onset to recanalization, IQR Interquartile range
aData were missing for 1 patient in the T1 group
bData were missing for 1 patient in the T2 group and 1 patient in the T3 group
cData were missing for 1 patient in the T2 group
dData were missing for 1 patient in the T2 group