Table 2.

Inter-observer reliability of the radiologic parameters according to different institutes: Comparison of the deep learning model measurements with an orthopedic specialist (ground-truth)

	ICC (Orthopedic specialist, Ground-truth)	ICC (Institute A)	ICC (Institute B)	ICC (Institute C)	ICC (Total)
HKAA	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.995 (0.99–1.00)	0.998 (1.00–1.00)	0.994 (0.99–1.00)	0.997 (1.00–1.00)
LDFA	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.969 (0.93–0.98)	0.976 (0.96–0.98)	0.982 (0.97–0.99)	0.976 (0.97–0.98)
MPTA	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.966 (0.95–0.98)	0.962 (0.94–0.97)	0.956 (0.93–0.97)	0.963 (0.95–0.97)
JLCA	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.892 (0.84–0.93)	0.950 (0.93–0.97)	0.913 (0.87–0.94)	0.936 (0.92–0.95)
WBL ratio	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.993 (0.91–1.0)	0.998 (1.00–1.00)	0.997 (1.00–1.00)	0.987 (0.98–0.99)
JLOA	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.986 (0.98–0.99)	0.979 (0.97–0.99)	0.989 (0.98–0.99)	0.987 (0.98–0.99)
LDTA	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.979 (0.91–0.99)	0.977 (0.97–0.99)	0.977 (0.96–0.99)	0.979 (0.96–0.99)

ICC intraclass correlation coefficient, HKAA hip-knee-ankle angle, LDFA lateral distal femoral angle, MPTA medial proximal tibial angle, JLCA joint line convergence angle, WBL weight bearing line, JLOA joint line obliquity angle, LDTA lateral distal tibial angle