Table 1.

Key demographic characteristics of patients with iGAS notified to PAEDS network hospitals, Australia, 1 July 2018–31 December 2022.

	Number of cases	Proportion of total cases (%)	Minimum incidence per 100,000 children (95% CI)	Risk ratio (unadjusted) (95% CI)
Jurisdiction
Northern Territory	21	7.5	8.1 (2.6–18.8)	4.6 (1.8–11.9)
Western Australia	65	23.2	2.2 (1.2–3.8)	1.3 (0.7–2.4)
Queensland	83	29.6	1.5 (0.9–2.4)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)
Victoria	111	39.6	1.8 (1.1–2.6)	Reference
Age Group (years)
<1	45	16.1	7.9 (4.3–13.2)	4.1 (2.0–8.3)
1–4	135	48.2	4.8 (3.3–6.7)	2.5 (1.4–4.42)
5–9	68	24.3	1.2 (1.1–3.0)	Reference
10–14	25	8.9	1.2 (0.6–2.1)	0.6 (0.3–1.3)
15–17	7	2.5	1.0 (0.3–2.2)	0.5 (0.2–1.4)
Median age (range; IQR, years)	4.5 (0.0–16.8; 1.4–6.4)
Indigenous
Yes	33	11.8	3.3 (1.3–6.8)	1.9 (0.8–4.1)
No/Unknowna	247	88.2	1.8 (1.3–2.3)	Reference
Gender
Female	108	38.6	1.5 (1.0–2.2)	Reference
Male	172	61.4	2.3 (1.6–3.1)	1.5 (0.9–2.5)
Main language spoken at home
English	213	76.1	NA	NA
Other language	21	7.5	NA	NA
Unknown	46	16.4	NA	NA
Season of presentationb
Summer	54	20.8	0.4 (0.2–0.7)	Reference
Autumn	32	12.4	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	0.6 (0.2–1.5)
Winter	73	28.2	0.5 (0.3–0.8)	1.3 (0.6–2.8)
Spring	100	38.6	0.7 (0.4–1.0)	1.8 (0.9–3.7)
Total	280	100.0	1.8 (1.7–1.9)	NA

Reference group selection: Jurisdiction, Victoria has the highest number of cases; Age, middle risk group compared to other groups; Sex, highlights the elevated risk for males compared to females.

IQR; interquartile range.

^aIncluded 10 cases with unknown Indigenous status and 237 cases recorded as ‘No’.

^bExcludes patients notified at Royal Darwin Hospital as the region has a tropical climate with wet and dry seasons.