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. 2023 Dec 20;56(1):143–151. doi: 10.1038/s41588-023-01582-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a, When screening ancient Eurasian individuals for IBD segments (Fig. 3), we detected a pair of biological relatives whose remains were buried 1,410 km apart, one in central Mongolia and one in Southern Russia. The two individuals were previously published in two different publications^35,59. Both individuals are archaeologically associated with the Afanasievo culture and genetically cluster with other Afanasievo individuals^35,59. b, Posterior of non-IBD state on chromosome 12, which has the longest inferred IBD segment (39.1 cM long, indicated as a dark blue bar). We also plot opposing homozygotes (upper grey dots), whose absence is a necessary signal of IBD. Only SNPs where both markers have an imputed genotype probability >0.99 are plotted. c, Plot of all inferred IBD segments longer than 12 cM. d, Histogram of inferred IBD segment lengths, as well as theoretical expectations for various types of relatives (calculated using formulas described in ref. ²⁹). Panels b–d were all created using default plotting functions bundled into the ancIBD software package.

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