Table 2.
Parameter | Time point | Condition | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
80% AOP | 40% AOP | SHAM | ||
Maximal squat jump height (%-change from baseline) | Post 0 min | − 16.4 ± 5.2###,††† | − 9.1 ± 3.2†† | − 5.4 ± 3.3 |
Post 1 min | − 9.5 ± 4.8##,††† | − 5.9 ± 4.6 | − 3.9 ± 4.4 | |
Post 2 min | − 5.0 ± 3.8 | − 4.8 ± 2.8 | − 2.5 ± 3.6 | |
Post 4 min | − 4.3 ± 3.8 | − 4.1 ± 3.4 | − 2.0 ± 2.9 | |
Post 8 min | − 3.2 ± 3.4 | − 2.6 ± 3.1 | − 1.0 ± 2.9 | |
Balance performance | ||||
Sway distance [cm] | Set 1 | 65.9 ± 14.8 | 64.9 ± 18.2 | 63.7 ± 15.9 |
Set 2 | 65.6 ± 12.4 | 63.9 ± 13.4 | 64.3 ± 12.8 | |
Set 3 | 68.8 ± 12.2 | 61.7 ± 12.1 | 63.6 ± 12.4 | |
Sway velocity [° · s−1] | Set 1 | 0.93 ± 0.20 | 0.91 ± 0.25 | 0.90 ± 0.23 |
Set 2 | 0.93 ± 0.17 | 0.90 ± 0.19 | 0.91 ± 0.18 | |
Set 3 | 0.98 ± 0.19 | 0.87 ± 0.17 | 0.89 ± 0.17 | |
Muscle activity [% of MVIC− sEMG] | ||||
Quadriceps | Set 1 | 14.7 ± 5.4 | 14.1 ± 6.1 | 14.1 ± 4.5 |
Set 2 | 15.6 ± 6.6 | 13.0 ± 5.3 | 12.8 ± 4.7 | |
Set 3 | 17.3 ± 7.9###,††† | 13.1 ± 5.3 | 12.9 ± 4.8 | |
Hamstrings | Set 1 | 7.4 ± 4.8 | 7.8 ± 5.4 | 6.9 ± 5.0 |
Set 2 | 6.8 ± 4.6 | 7.4 ± 5.3 | 6.7 ± 4.6 | |
Set 3 | 6.9 ± 4.5 | 7.4 ± 5.7 | 6.8 ± 4.9 | |
Tibialis | Set 1 | 11.6 ± 9.8 | 12.8 ± 9.7 | 17.7 ± 22.3 |
Set 2 | 10.2 ± 9.5 | 9.0 ± 6.2 | 14.1 ± 18.8 | |
Set 3 | 10.4 ± 9.3 | 9.2 ± 6.4 | 14.3 ± 19.5 | |
Triceps surae | Set 1 | 11.9 ± 5.3 | 15.4 ± 8.5 | 14.1 ± 7.9 |
Set 2 | 10.8 ± 4.2 | 13.3 ± 6.7 | 13.0 ± 7.0 | |
Set 3 | 11.2 ± 3.6 | 12.9 ± 6.3 | 13.0 ± 7.5 | |
SmO2 [%] (%-change from baseline) | Set 1 | − 36.4 ± 23.4###,††† | − 14.6 ± 16.6†† | 5.6 ± 14.9 |
Set 2 | − 50.7 ± 26.6###,††† | − 14.9 ± 12.4†† | 5.8 ± 13.8 | |
Set 3 | − 52.7 ± 23.2###,††† | − 17.9 ± 11.5††† | 6.5 ± 14.6 | |
tHb [a. u.] (%-change from baseline) | Set 1 | 3.2 ± 4.1 | 2.6 ± 4.9 | 1.8 ± 2.9 |
Set 2 | 4.3 ± 4.0†† | 3.2 ± 5.1 | 2.1 ± 4.2 | |
Set 3 | 4.9 ± 4.2††† | 3.6 ± 5.1 | 1.9 ± 4.0 | |
Effort perception [a. u.] | Set 1 | 11.6 ± 2.4##,††† | 10.6 ± 2.0 | 8.4 ± 1.9 |
Set 2 | 13.8 ± 1.9###,††† | 10.5 ± 2.3† | 8.3 ± 2.1 | |
Set 3 | 15.5 ± 2.4###,††† | 11.1 ± 2.6† | 9.5 ± 2.4 | |
Exercise-induced leg muscle pain [a. u.] | Set 1 | 12.3 ± 2.4###,††† | 9.2 ± 2.3† | 7.4 ± 1.8 |
Set 2 | 14.5 ± 2.4###,††† | 10.6 ± 2.5†† | 8.5 ± 2.3 | |
Set 3 | 16.4 ± 2.5###,††† | 11.8 ± 2.8††† | 9.0 ± 2.7 |
AOP arterial occlusion pressure; a.u. arbitrary unit; sEMG surface electromyography; SmO2 muscle oxygen saturation; tHb total hemoglobin
Differences between conditions at specific time points: significant difference to 40% AOP (#p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001); significant difference to SHAM (†p < 0.05, ††p < 0.01, †††p < 0.001)