Table 2.
Responses for Cancer-Related Beliefs and Attitudes by Ever Screened Status for Colorectal Cancer
| Characteristics | CRC Screening Ever (yes) (M ± SD) |
CRC Screening Ever (no) (M ± SD) |
p values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health Literacy Screener a | |||
| How often do you have difficulty learning about your health or medical condition due to not understanding what is written? | 1.62 ± 0.68 | 1.59 ± 0.63 | .806 |
| Healthcare Communication Scale b | 9.59 ± 4.90 | 11.63 ± 5.40 | .075 |
| How often did they give you the chance to ask all the health-related questions you had? | |||
| How often did they give you the attention you needed to your feelings and emotions? | |||
| How often did they involve you in decisions about your health care as much as you wanted? | |||
| How often did they make sure you understood the things you needed to do to take care of your health? | |||
| How often did they explain things in a way you could understand? | |||
| How often did they spend enough time with you? | |||
| How often did they help you deal with feelings of uncertainty about your health or health care? | |||
| Trust in Doctors Scale c | 19.41 ± 6.33 | 22.22 ± 7.16 | .044* |
| Your doctor does whatever it takes to get you the care you need | |||
| Sometimes your doctor cares more about convenience than your health care | |||
| Your doctor’s medical skills are not as good as they should be | |||
| Your doctor is extremely thorough and careful | |||
| You completely trust your doctor’s decisions about what’s best for you | |||
| Your doctor is totally honest about all treatment options available to you | |||
| Your doctor only thinks about what is best for you | |||
| Sometimes your doctor doesn’t pay full attention to what you’re telling them | |||
| You have no worries about putting your life in your doctor’s hands | |||
| You completely trust your doctor | |||
| CRC perceived susceptibility d | 8.78 ± 1.89 | 9.03 ± 2.23 | .570 |
| I believe the chance I might develop CRC is high | |||
| I think it is very likely I will develop CRC or polyps | |||
| I believe the chance I will develop colorectal polyps is high | |||
| CRC worry d | 6.41 ± 1.28 | 5.85 ± 1.53 | .057 |
| I am afraid of having an abnormal screening result | |||
| I am worried that screening will show that I have CRC or polyps | |||
| Negative cancer beliefs d | 10.68 ± 2.03 | 10.44 ± 2.56 | .618 |
| It seems like everything causes cancer | |||
| There’s not much you can do to lower your chances of getting cancer | |||
| It’s so hard to know which cancer prevention recommendations to follow | |||
| In adults, cancer is more common than heart disease | |||
| CRC screening self-efficacy d | 7.59 ± 2.14 | 7.92 ± 2.21 | .453 |
| Arranging my schedule for CRC screening is easy | |||
| Finding time for CRC screening would be difficult | |||
| Going through CRC screening would be difficult | |||
| Going through CRC screening would be easy | |||
| Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2) e | 1.89 ± 1.88 | 1.88 ± 1.85 | .988 |
| Over the past 2 weeks how often have you been bothered by having little interest in doing things? | |||
| Feeling down/depressed/hopeless? | |||
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2) e | 1.81 ± 2.07 | 1.62 ± 1.92 | .643 |
| Feeling nervous/anxious/on edge? | |||
| Not able to stop/control worrying? | |||
| MAACS Measures and Subscales f | |||
| MAACS Religiosity (6 items) | 24.35 ± 3.56 | 24.40 ± 4.66 | .958 |
| MAACS Mistrust/Discrimination (9 items) | 25.97 ± 4.94 | 25.19 ± 4.42 | .396 |
| MAACS Privacy (6 items) | 14.11 ± 5.41 | 14.94 ± 4.39 | .383 |
| MAACS Ethnic Identity (7 items) | 24.58 ± 5.37 | 24.01 ± 4.38 | .557 |
| MAACS Collectivism (5 items) | 18.65 ± 3.85 | 17.38 ± 4.21 | .125 |
| MAACS Empowerment (6 items) | 24.95 ± 3.52 | 23.13 ± 4.40 | .030* |
| MAACS Male Role (4 items) | 14.38 ± 3.51 | 15.05 ± 3.41 | .330 |
Note: Values in bold represent summary scale scores.
Response categories for this item is the following: 1 = never; 2 = sometimes; 3 = always.
Only participants who had a regular provider answered these questions. Response categories for these items are the following: 1 = always; 2 = usually; 3 = sometimes; 4 = never.
Response categories for these items are the following: 1 = strongly agree; 2 = agree; 3 = neutral; 4 = disagree; 5 = strongly disagree.
Response categories for these items are the following: 1 = strongly agree; 2 = agree; 3 = disagree; 4 = strongly disagree.
Response categories for these items are the following: 0 = not at all; 1 = several days; 2 = more than half the days; 3 = nearly every day.
Response categories for these items are the following: 1 = strongly disagree; 2 = disagree; 3 = neutral; 4 = agree; 5 = strongly agree.
p < 0.05