Figure 3.

Performance characterization and demonstration of soft actuators based on LCE. a) ZZU model with shape memory based on PM‐LCE. b) Shape memory curves of PM‐LCE. c) Schematic diagram of the variation of film deformation (L‐L ₀)/L ₀ with temperature during the warming and cooling of liquid crystal elastomer film. d) UV–vis spectra of neat LCE and PM‐LCE with 5, 10, 20, and 30 PM layer pairs. e) Heat‐up curves under NIR irradiation of neat LCE and PM‐LCE with 5, 10, 20, and 30 PM layer pairs. f) Temperature of PM‐LCE under NIR light irradiation with different optical power densities. g) Actuating stress of PM‐LCE under laser irradiation with different optical power densities.