Table 3.
Weighted adjusted associations of iron deficiency and PHQ-9 depression of young adults (18–25 years) by sex: multivariable logistic regression.
| Depression |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overalla |
Maleb |
Femaleb |
||||
| OR | 95 % CIs | OR | 95 % CIs | OR | 95 % CIs | |
| Iron deficiency (ref. No deficiency) | ||||||
| Ferritin deficiency | 0.80 | 0.33;1.92 | 14.13* | 1.51, 132.21 | 0.34* | 0.11, 0.97 |
| Serum iron deficiency | 1.32 | 0.51; 3.40 | 4.84* | 1.02, 22.92 | 0.51 | 0.17, 1.57 |
| Transferrin deficiency | 1.69 | 0.79; 3.61 | 13.79** | 3.59, 53.06 | 0.72 | 0.29, 1.81 |
Abbreviations: PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; OR, odds ratio; CIs, confidence intervals; ref., reference.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, **p < 0.001.
a
Adjusted for sex, age, race/ethnicity, ratio of family income to poverty, mental health professional, BMI, physical activity, dietary iron intake, and dietary supplements.
b
Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, ratio of family income to poverty, mental health professional, BMI, physical activity, dietary iron intake, and dietary supplements.