Table 1.
Studies included
| Study | siRNA Target Gene * | Function on osteoporosis therapy | Drugs activity tested | Cells analyzed | Type of study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tang et al. 201232 | PTDINS (3, 4, 5) P3 | PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 inhibits the osteogenetic response through specific mediators | ARAP3 siRNA | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) | in vitro |
| Zhu et al. 201233 | EGFR and amphiregulin | Amphiregulin-EGFR Signaling Mediates the Migration of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Progenitors toward parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulated osteoblasts and osteocytes |
EGFR-siRNA and amphiregulin siRNA |
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Progenitors |
in vitro |
| Yang et al. 201330 | knockdown of FOXO3A with siRNA |
Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors acts as an important defense mechanism against oxidative stress | Tanshinol | Mesenchymal precursor and preosteoblastic cells | in vitro |
| Mullin et al. 201434 | RHOA and ARHGEF3 | The concentration of RHOA and ARHGEF3 genes change in bone mineral density in postmenopausal women | RHOA siRNA and ARHGEF3-siRNA | Osteoblast and osteoclast | in vitro |
| Sun et al. 201535 | CNR2 | CNR2 promoted expression of osteogenic genes and enhanced deposition of calcium in extracellular matrix | CNR2-siRNA | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) | In vitro |
| Tong et al. 201536 | DANCR | DANCR regulates osteoblast differentiation | DANCR-siRNA | Blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) | In vitro |
| Hong et al. 201637 | PTCH1 | PTCH1 is related to Secreted Protein Acidic And Cysteine Rich (SPARC) which promotes osteogenic differentiation of stromal cells | PTCH1-siRNA | Stromal cells | in vitro |
| Tao et al. 201631 | β-catenin specific siRNA | Wingless/Integrated (WNT)/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs | Berberine (BBR) | BM-MSCs | in vitro |
| Liu et al. 201727 | PLEKHO1 | Elevated PLEKHO1 levels in osteoblasts are associated with reduced bone formation during aging | PLEKHO1-siRNA | Osteoblast | in vitro |
| Adam et al. 201828 | KLF2, KLF4, CDC42, RHOA | Expression of KLF2 or KLF4 mRNA and phosphorylation of ERK5 protein induces osteogenic differentiation in MSCs | siRNAs for KLF2 and KLF4 | MSC | in vitro |
| Bai et al. 201829 | GBP1 | GBP1 in involved in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells | hGBP1-siRNA | MSCs | In vitro |
| Wang et al. 201841 | IRS2 | Insulin receptor substance 2 (IRS2), binds insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor tyrosine kinase, regulating osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs | IRS2-siRNA | MSCs | In vitro |
| Pucci et al. 201942 | CLU | CLU related to osteoporosis causes a reduction in muscle mass | CLU silencing by siRNA | Myoblast | In vivo |
| Zhang 202043 | TGFBR1 | TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 are involved in the activation and differentiation of osteoclasts | siRNA-TGFBR1 or siRNA-TGFBR2 | Acute Monocytic Leukemia; Human (THP)-1 cells | In vitro |
*Phosphatidylinositol (3, 4, 5)-trisphosphate (PTDINS (3, 4, 5) P3); ARF-GAP with RHO-GAP domain 3(ARAP 3); Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor(EGFR); Forkhead box O3a(FOXO3a); Ras homolog family member A(RHOA), Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 3(ARHGEF3); Cannabinoid receptor 2(CNR2); Differentiation Antagonizing Non-Protein Coding RNA(DANCR); Protein patched homolog 1(PTCH1); β-catenin; Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family O member 1 (PLEKHO1); Krüppel-like Factor 2 (KLF2), Krüppel-like Factor (KLF4), Cell Division Cycle 42 (CDC42); Guanylate Binding Protein 1 (GBP1); insulin receptor substance 2 (IRS2); Clusterin (CLU); transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1).