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. 2024 Jan 15;14:1306. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50495-5

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparing the biological age during the time-dependent differentiation process of human fibroblast cells from three donors. At time zero, one can observe undifferentiated fibroblast cells, and as time progresses, the biological age as determined by (A) elastic net and (B) XAI-AGE models are calculated. The cells can be further subdivided into categories that include fibroblasts utilized as negative controls, cells that failed to be transiently reprogrammed, and cells that were successfully transiently reprogrammed. The differentiation endpoint of induced pluripotent stem cells is also displayed on the final day of the measurement. The error bars represent the standard deviation across the three donors. A small positive trend can be also observed in the negative control group for the predicted age with slightly better correlation for XAI-AGE (R=0.38, p=0.0038) than for elastic net (R = 0.2, p = 0.23).