Fig. 3.

TRIM proteins regulate autophagy by modulating the MTOR complex, TFEB, ULK1-BECN1 complex, and MAP1LC3 conjugation. TRIM proteins regulate autophagy at various steps, including the activity of MTOR, TFEB, the BECN1-ULK1 complex, and the conjugation of MAP1LC3 to form MAP1LC3I and MAP1LC3II to form phagophores and autophagosomes. Autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes to form autolysosomes, which breakdown and recycle cargo materials and autophagosomes. Autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes to form autolysosomes, degrade cargo materials, and recycle. MTOR; Mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase, TFEB; Transcription factor EB, ULK1; Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1, BECN1; Beclin 1, MAP1LC3B2; Microtubule associated protein 1 light chain beta 2, TRIM; Tripartite motif containing, Ub; Ubiquitin, AR; Autophagy receptor, CALCOCO2; Calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2, NBR1; NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor, SQSTM1; Sequestome 1, TAX1BP1; Tax1 binding protein 1, OPTN; Optineurin, TRIM16; Tripartite motif containing 16, Autophagy related 14, PIK3C3; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3, PIK3R4; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 4, ATG5; Autophagy related 5, ATG10; Autophagy related 10, ATG7; Autophagy related 7, ATG12; Autophagy related 12, ATG13; Autophagy related 13, ATG4; Autophagy related 4, ATG3; Autophagy related 3, RB1CC1; RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1, RAB7A; RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family