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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 16.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Aug 27;227:109003. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109003

Table 3.

Among participants who used opioids, the proportion who reported smoking fentanyl and reported number of days smoked fentanyl in last 30 days

Proportion smoking fentanyl Days smoking fentanyl (among those who smoke)
Period Adj RR 95% CI p-value Adj IRR2 95% CI p-value
January–June 2019 Ref - - Ref
July–December 2019 0.99 (0.76, 1.28) 0.92 1.40 (1.03, 1.90) 0.03
January–June 2020 0.96 (0.65, 1.43) 0.84 1.71 (1.09, 2.68) 0.02
1

RR = relative risk (i.e. prevalence of fentanyl smoking); estimated using Poisson GEE with unstructured correlation, adjusting for visit type (baseline, 6-month, 12-month), participant’s age, and currently enrolled in substance use treatment program. Ref = referent

2

Adj IRR = adjusted incident rate ratio; estimated using negative binomial GEE with unstructured correlation, adjusting for visit type (baseline, 6-month, 12-month), participant’s age, and currently enrolled in substance use treatment program. Ref = referent