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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biometrics. 2023 Jul 17;79(4):3764–3777. doi: 10.1111/biom.13904

Table 2.

Simulation results for fitting CPMs with exchangeable working correlation with equal-quantile binned and rounded response data based on the primary setting. For equal-quantile binning, we show results of b=25,50,100 and 200. Results of rounding to 0 and 1 decimal place are also shown.

Scenario Metric βX βT E(YX=1,T=0.2) Q(0.5X=1,T=0.2) F(5X=1,T=0.2)
Binning b=25 Bias(%) 0.171 0.548 −1.064 −2.258 0.142
RMSE 0.052 0.068 1.205 1.107 0.170
Empirical SE 0.052 0.067 0.134 0.132 0.018
Average SE 0.053 0.067 0.129 - 0.016
Coverage 0.956 0.945 0.889 0.881 0.901
Binning b=50 Bias(%) 0.174 0.757 −0.039 −0.053 −0.233
RMSE 0.052 0.068 1.205 1.166 0.171
Empirical SE 0.052 0.068 0.135 0.131 0.016
Average SE 0.053 0.067 0.133 - 0.016
Coverage 0.958 0.942 0.929 0.923 0.935
Binning b=100 Bias(%) 0.187 1.193 −0.316 −0.493 −0.174
RMSE 0.052 0.069 1.217 1.181 0.171
Empirical SE 0.052 0.068 0.135 0.130 0.016
Average SE 0.053 0.067 0.135 - 0.016
Coverage 0.957 0.936 0.945 0.948 0.953
Binning b=200 Bias(%) 0.208 2.069 −0.197 −0.311 −0.112
RMSE 0.052 0.071 1.223 1.189 0.170
Empirical SE 0.052 0.068 0.135 0.131 0.015
Average SE 0.053 0.067 0.136 - 0.016
Coverage 0.957 0.924 0.946 0.952 0.958
Rounding 0 decimal place Bias(%) 0.196 0.799 −0.015 −7.316 −20.965
RMSE 0.052 0.070 1.231 0.940 0.222
Empirical SE 0.054 0.069 0.136 0.155 0.014
Average SE 0.053 0.068 0.139 - 0.014
Coverage 0.959 0.937 0.952 0.244 0.004
Rounding 1 decimal place Bias(%) 0.210 3.180 −0.123 −0.693 −2.147
RMSE 0.052 0.076 1.229 1.175 0.176
Empirical SE 0.052 0.070 0.136 0.130 0.015
Average SE 0.053 0.067 0.138 - 0.016
Coverage 0.957 0.907 0.953 0.942 0.943