. 2023 Dec 22;21:101091. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101091

Table 1.

Aromatic compounds contents in wines of six varieties.

No.	Compounds	JNH/(µg/L)	ZDF/(µg/L)	ML/(µg/L)	ME/(µg/L)	GN/(µg/L)	BBH/(µg/L)	Descriptor (Ge et al., 2021, Li et al., 2021, Zhao et al., 2019)	Odor Threshold/(µg/L) (Ge et al., 2021, Li et al., 2021, Zhao et al., 2019)
Alcohols
W1	1-Butanol	3562 ± 169^c	4694 ± 157^b	5008 ± 2^b	1914 ± 23^d	6216 ± 118^a	6653 ± 694^a	Medicinal, alcohol	150,000
W2	3-Methyl-1-butanol	1877466 ± 1475^b	1448709 ± 8085^c	1577902 ± 127260^c	568136 ± 21821^d	1559501 ± 103349^c	2833155 ± 11159^a	Green, floral	400
W3	2-Heptanol	ND	1001 ± 3^b	ND	ND	1188 ± 54^a	ND	Fruity, moldy, musty	70
W4	1-Heptanol	4073 ± 50^e	4753 ± 474^d	4857 ± 30 ^cd	5375 ± 180^bc	5921 ± 306^b	8378 ± 162^a	Grape, sweet	1000
W5	Phenethyl alcohol	100851 ± 477^b	93552 ± 1067^b	86471 ± 3548^b	33215 ± 233^c	105325 ± 4877^b	158864 ± 26359^a	Sweet rose	14,000
W6	1-Octanol	20275 ± 413^c	31549 ± 2787^a	25674 ± 183^b	16760 ± 907^d	10507 ± 787^e	12139 ± 1239^e	Intense citrus, roses	120
W7	1-Decanol	8375 ± 112^b	13220 ± 1074^a	13283 ± 18^a	7302 ± 77^c	ND	ND	Orange flowery, special fatty	400
W8	(E)-hex-3-en-1-ol	10125 ± 199^a	ND	ND	1560 ± 36^c	5184 ± 349^b	ND	Green, floral	400
W9	(Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol	ND	13073 ± 17.2^a	ND	10905 ± 428^b	6308 ± 557^c	ND	Green	400
W10	(Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol	ND	1203 ± 3^c	ND	1540 ± 74^b	4821 ± 98^a	ND	Green	400
W11	1-Hexanol	60404 ± 381^d	113185 ± 6781^c	ND	177270 ± 7254^b	266766 ± 20312^a	41695 ± 3414^d	Green, grass	8000
W12	1-Dodecanol	ND	2664 ± 160^a	ND	ND	ND	ND	Citrus, orange, lemon, floral, waxy	15
W13	1-Octen-3-ol	ND	ND	ND	2458 ± 83^a	ND	ND	Mushroom, earthy, vegetative	1
W14	Citronellol	ND	ND	ND	ND	4301 ± 205^a	ND	Floral, rose, sweet, green, fruity	100
Esters
W15	Methyl acetate	ND	ND	ND	ND	1945 ± 536^a	1506 ± 183^a	nf	nf
W16	Ethyl acetate	270769 ± 1648^d	258788 ± 4534^d	416486 ± 5803^b	78923 ± 3186^e	391503 ± 20796^c	442160 ± 15424^a	Ethereal fruity	7500
W17	Ethyl propionate	ND	ND	3296 ± 46^b	2297 ± 33^c	10395 ± 439^a	ND	Fruity, sweet, winey	550
W18	Propyl acetate	1057 ± 22 ^d	6652 ± 162^a	5726 ± 67^b	ND	ND	3542 ± 282^c	Fruity, banana, honey	4740
W19	Ethyl isobutyrate	12867 ± 870^ab	8901 ± 590^c	7793 ± 57^c	4408 ± 152^d	13903 ± 561^a	12793 ± 491^b	Strawberry	15
W20	Isobutyl acetate	24206 ± 16^d	32039 ± 1619^c	85913 ± 1535^a	ND	ND	58685 ± 7569^b	Flowery	1600
W21	Butyl acetate	ND	1413 ± 56^c	1601 ± 17^c	10403 ± 565^b	19312 ± 326^a	ND	Sweet, ripe, banana	1800
W22	Ethyl butyrate	20354 ± 752^c	14572 ± 490^d	30240 ± 385^b	7352 ± 386^e	15053 ± 382^d	46409 ± 4044^a	Strawberry, apple	20
W23	Isoamyl acetate	201144 ± 7879^d	408824 ± 12428^c	1737031 ± 16291^a	207414 ± 10031^d	221665 ± 10669^d	1023924 ± 77839^b	Intense banana	30
W24	Methyl caproate	1599 ± 39^bc	2007 ± 40^b	1767 ± 20^b	1100 ± 37^c	2134 ± 92^b	6974 ± 705^a	nf	nf
W25	Ethyl caproate	420436 ± 12146^b	337855 ± 9866^d	553226 ± 2513^a	247663 ± 9286^e	419878 ± 26297^b	385151 ± 5729^c	Sweet, pineapple, fruity, waxy	8
W26	Hexyl acetate	4687 ± 212^e	22562 ± 670^d	44981 ± 1115^b	141093 ± 4724^a	34784 ± 2419^c	32074 ± 444^c	Pleasant fruity, pear, floral	670
W27	Ethyl heptanoate	2472 ± 30^d	3435 ± 105^c	2854 ± 43^d	1653 ± 35^e	5078 ± 352^b	6317 ± 526^a	Pineapple, fruity	220
W28	Heptyl acetate	ND	ND	3109 ± 187^b	2237 ± 51^c	ND	4106 ± 440^a	Cherry, pear	670
W29	Methyl octanoate	27389 ± 352^d	51069 ± 3011^a	39643 ± 1871^b	11354 ± 304^e	14199 ± 557^e	34263 ± 2615^c	Intense citrus	200
W30	Methyl salicylate	1557 ± 25^c	ND	3351 ± 4^b	ND	15200 ± 1360^a	3458 ± 747^b	Mint	40
W31	Ethyl caprylate	1046561 ± 9273^d	1135719 ± 58694^c	1685631 ± 18759^b	364623 ± 8439^f	2857681 ± 47201^a	697189 ± 1518^e	Sweet, waxy, fruity, pineapple	5
W32	Octyl acetate	3708 ± 49^d	ND	31361 ± 649^a	6491 ± 28^c	ND	7791 ± 765^b	nf	nf
W33	Phenylethyl acetate	1407 ± 284^c	ND	22913 ± 739^a	ND	12967 ± 41^b	13421 ± 968^b	Pleasant, floral	650
W34	Ethyl pelargonate	6012 ± 425^b	ND	7778 ± 318^a	ND	ND	ND	Banana, grape	1300
W35	Ethyl decanoate	616205 ± 2065^c	770295 ± 52942^b	1242736 ± 16584^a	157771 ± 1183^e	356338 ± 11887^d	396504 ± 1234^d	Fruity, fatty, pleasant	200
W36	Ethyl undecanoate	ND	ND	2136 ± 65^a	1717 ± 24^b	ND	ND	Coconut	100
W37	Methyl dodecanoate	3085 ± 123^d	6443 ± 125^c	6902 ± 85^b	2450 ± 41^e	2155 ± 151^e	11511 ± 370^a	nf	nf
W38	Ethyl laurate	62022 ± 1844^d	84656 ± 6834^c	157385 ± 3687^b	16448 ± 329^e	86801 ± 3527^c	311231 ± 17838^a	Oily, fatty, fruity	1500
W39	Ethyl tetradecanoate	4213 ± 175^e	7969 ± 192^d	9944 ± 319^c	ND	20299 ± 333^b	21092 ± 1174^a	Mild waxy, soapy	2000
W40	Ethyl palmitate	2447 ± 87^e	4234 ± 680^d	7374 ± 508^c	ND	18531 ± 26^a	15073 ± 1504^b	Fruity, sweet, fatty	1500
W41	Pentyl acetate	ND	ND	1463 ± 14^a	ND	ND	ND	nf	nf
Aldehydes
W42	Ethanal	5168 ± 284^b	2543 ± 21^c	7068 ± 20^a	2074 ± 22^d	7004 ± 78^a	7183 ± 6^a	Fruity, pungent, green, grassy, apple	500
W43	Benzaldehyde	ND	5940 ± 237^a	ND	2377 ± 39^c	4913 ± 53^b	ND	Roasted, almond	2000
W44	4-Ethylbenzaldehyde	4474 ± 91^c	ND	5368 ± 151^b	3510 ± 74^d	ND	10236 ± 532^a	nf	nf
W45	Capraldehyde	2294 ± 86^b	ND	3436 ± 614^a	ND	3561 ± 131^a	3375 ± 364^a	nf	10
W46	2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde	3655 ± 752^b	ND	ND	7132 ± 85^a	ND	ND	nf	nf
W47	3-Methyl-butyraldehyde	1723 ± 182^a	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	nf	nf
Ketones
W48	2-Heptanone	ND	ND	ND	1009 ± 202^a	ND	ND	nf	nf
W49	Acetoin	ND	ND	ND	ND	6014 ± 522^a	ND	Fatty, cream	150,000
W50	2-Undecanone	ND	ND	ND	ND	2693 ± 32^a	ND	nf	nf
W51	2-Octanone	45672 ± 409^a	51124 ± 3378^a	27903 ± 7169^c	35649 ± 123^b	30691 ± 493^bc	27090 ± 689^c	Lactic, mushroom	150
W52	Acetophenone	2241 ± 0^c	2087 ± 153^c	ND	1460 ± 33^c	4860 ± 446^a	3261 ± 842^b	nf	nf
W53	2,3-Pentanedione	ND	ND	ND	778 ± 8^b	ND	4122 ± 104^a	nf	nf
Acids
W54	Acetic acid	13717 ± 140^a	ND	10186 ± 50^b	4946 ± 93^d	833 ± 17^e	5405 ± 704^c	Acid, fatty, spicy	200,000
W55	Octanoic acid	82049 ± 1469^c	200156 ± 1141^a	114724 ± 1432^b	81453 ± 1140^c	43831 ± 3109^d	80679 ± 12406^c	Cheese, fatty acid	500
W56	Hexanoic acid	ND	ND	13157 ± 316^c	ND	18556 ± 939^b	24948 ± 4686^a	Cheese, unpleasant copra, oil odor	3000
W57	Nonanoic acid	ND	ND	ND	9872 ± 2^a	ND	ND	Cheese, waxy flavor	500–800
W58	3-Methylpentanoic acid	8289 ± 85^a	ND	ND	ND	7392 ± 122^b	ND	nf	33
Others
W59	2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol	4022 ± 37^a	3358 ± 152^b	ND	2882 ± 355^c	ND	ND	nf	nf

Note: Data are expressed as mean values of three independent experiments ± standard deviation (n = 3). nf, not found. The different letters within each row show that mean values are significantly different at the 95 % confidence level according to the analysis of variance with Duncan’s multiple comparison test. ND, not detected. IUPAC name and CAS No. of compounds are summarized in the Supplementary Table S5.