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. 2022 Aug 13;49:1–57. doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2022.49.01

Table 7.

Morphological characters and dimensions (mean ± SD; μm), cardinal temperatures (°C) and temperature-growth relations (mm/d) on V8-juice agar of Phytophthora species from Subclades 10b and 10c. Most discriminating characters are highlighted in bold. Percentages in brackets are ranges of isolate means; – means character not observed.

Subclade 10b Subclade 10c
P. subarctica P. tonkinensis P. ukrainensis P. boehmeriae b P. boehmeriae c P. t. boehmeriae-liked P. morindae P. gondwanensis
No. of isolates/source 4a 4a 4a Tucker 1931 Chowdappa et al. 2014 Frazzi 1950 Nelson & Abad 2010 5a
Sporangia 72.8 % ovoid-elongated ovoid, 7.2 % limoniform, 7.2 % ampulliform, 6.1 % obpyriform (pyrif., ellips. 36.4% sub-globose, 35.7% broad-ovoid, 25.3% ovoid (obpyrifornì, ellipsoid) 73.6% ovoid, 23.6% obpyriform (ellipsoid, subglobose, ampulliform) globose, ovoid, ellipsoid, obturbinate globose, ovoid, ellipsoid, (obturbinate, obpyriform) globose to subglobose, ovoid ellipsoid, obpyriform, limoniform, mouse-shaped 59.3% ovoid to broad-ovoid, 36.7 limoniform, (subglobose, obovoid, obpyriform)
apex nonpapillate nonpapillate nonpapillate papillate, few bipapillate papillate papillate papillate, few bipapillate papillate, few bipapillate
Ixb mean 53.8 ± 11.5 x 31.6 ± 4.1 29.0±3.2 x 23.7±3.1 35.9±4.7 x 26.2±3.4 51.8 x 40.1 35.3±4.8 x 20.5±3.4 42 x 34 42 x 21.8 44.7±3.9 x 28.7±2.9
range of isolate means 43.5–58.2 x 29.2-34.1 27.8-29.8 x 23.0-24.0 34.0-38.1 x 23.5-29.9 n.a. 32.8-38.8 x 18.2-28.6 n.a. n.a. 42.9-46.0 x 27.7-30.0
total range 32.7-127.6 x 16.3-39.5 19.5-37.1 x 14.5-31.6 26.3-58.2 x 18.7-36.3 28-69 x 20-51 n.a. 18.5-53 x 11.5-46 30-54 x 19.2-24 35.7-62.2 x 21.5-35.7
l/b ratio 1.73 ± 0.46 1.23 ± 0.15 1.38 ± 0.19 1.29 1.72 (1.22-1.96) 1.20 1.93 1.57 ± 0.16
caducity (+) + + + + +
pedicels <5 4.1 ±0.6 4.5 (3.5-16) 26 (8-66) 3.5 ± 1.3
internal proliferation nested and extended nested and extended nested and extended
exitpores 10.4 ± 1.7 9.8 ± 1.7 8.4 ± 1.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.3 ± 0.5
sympodia rare, lax frequent n.a. loose, up to 16 sporangia dense, umbellate dense, 3-5 sporangia
zoospore cysts 10.6 ± 0.9 10.4 ± 1.0 10.4 ±1.1 n.a. n.a. 11.5-14 n.a. 9.5 ± 0.7
Breeding system Oogonia sterile homothallic golden-brown with age sterile homothallic globose to subglobose homothallic homothallic homothallic homothallic
mean diam 46.2 ± 6.2 26.5 22.5 ± 3.9 31.5 30.4 28.1 ± 3.0
range of isolate means 45.1-48.4 20.9-31.7 21.9-25.1 n.a. n.a. 27.2-28.9
total range 30.3-59.1 n.a. n.a. 19-38 21.6-39.6 14.1-33.0
tapering base 11% (0-22%) n.a. n.a. occurring frequent 13.3% (10-16%)
comma-shaped 23% (12-40%) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 31.3% (24-38%)
elongated/excentric n.a. n.a. n.a. 22.7% (20-26%)
Oospores
plerotic oospores 69% (56-84%) predominantly predominantly predominantly 100% 75.3% (70-80%)
mean diam 42.9 ± 5.5 23.3 n.a. 27.5 30.3 23.9 ± 2.6
Total range 28.4-56.9 15.7-27.6 n.a. 16-34 21-38.9 11.6-28.7
wall diam 1.6 ± 0.3 <2 n.a. n.a. 3.2 (2.4-3.6) 2.0 ± 0.34
oospore wall index 0.24 ± 0.03 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.42 ± 0.04
Abortion rate 6.3% (4-8%) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 44.7% (24-66%)
Antheridia 98% paragynous 100% amphigynous 100% amphigynous 100% amphigynous 100% amphigynous 100% amphigynous
size 14.1±2.2 x 10.8±2.0 12-16 x 11-15 12.4±2.1 x 10.0±1.3 16.5x14.5 (12.5-21 x 8-16) 11.2 x 8.5 12.4±2.1 x 10.0±1.3
Chlamydospores rare; thickwalled (2pm) + (27 out of 43 isolates) +
size 41.4 (16-51) - 29.5 (17-42)
Hyphal swellings limoniform, rare coralloid, irregular hyphae ovoid, limoniform; 9.1 ± 1.5; coralloid hyphae
Hyphal aggregations + + n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Maximum temperature >30-<32.5 >20-<25 >32.5-<35 (30-32.5) 32.5 <35 <35 27 >30-<32.5
Optimum temperature 25 20 32.5 (30) 25 n.a n.a. 20 27.5
Growth rate at 20 °C 1.21 ± 0.14 1.13 ± 0.1 1.48 ± 0.21 4.4 n.a. n.a. 2.9 3.17 ±0.3
Growth rate at 25 °C 1.31 ± 0.16 0 2.15 ± 0.12 6.6 7.6 ± 0.06 n.a. n.a. 5.05 ± 0.21

a Numbers of isolates included in the growth tests: P. subarctica = 4; P. tonkinensis = 5; R ukrainensis = 4; P. gondwanensis = 5.

b Morphological studies and temperature-growth test performed on cornmeal agar.

c Morphological studies performed on CA; temperature-growth test performed on CA and only at 24 and 35 °C.

d Morphological studies performed on PDA; temperature-growth test performed on PDA.