TABLE 2.
Characteristics of first-degree relatives of Mexican Americans with hepatocellular carcinoma by the presence of liver fibrosis
| First-degree relatives with fibrosis (N = 19) | First-degree relatives without fibrosis (N = 93) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 45.3 (13.4) | 42.3 (14.6) | 0.42 |
|
| |||
| BMI (kg/m2), n (%) | 34.1 (7.2) | 30.9 (6.1) | 0.05 |
|
| |||
| Female, n (%) | 13 (68.4%) | 60 (64.5%) | 0.74 |
|
| |||
| Medical co-morbidities, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 7 (36.8%) | 28 (30.1%) | 0.56 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 7 (36.8%) | 27 (29.0%) | 0.50 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 8 (42.1%) | 17 (18.5%) | 0.04 |
|
| |||
| Alcohol use (drinks/week), n (%) | |||
| None | 17 (89.5%) | 79 (85.0%) | 1.00 |
| 1–7 | 1 (5.3%) | 6 (6.4%) | |
| ≥ 7 | 1 (5.3%) | 8 (8.6%) | |
|
| |||
| Tobacco use, n (%) | 2 (10.5%) | 14 (15.1%) | 1.00 |
|
| |||
| Biochemical dataa | |||
| AST (IU/L) | 36.1 (28.2) | 22.3 (12.4) | 0.04 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 46.6 (32.4) | 36.4 (26.9) | 0.085 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.59 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.8 (0.3) | 4.1 (0.3) | 0.002 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 188.4 (32.7) | 177.4 (39.3) | 0.24 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 49.1 (8.8) | 49.0 (11.4) | 0.86 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 107.9 (32.6) | 97.5 (34.1) | 0.29 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 156.5 (63.4) | 145.7 (93.6) | 0.16 |
| Platelet count (109/L) | 252.5 (65.1) | 265.0 (61.9) | 0.36 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.6 (1.5) | 6.1 (1.5) | 0.069 |
|
| |||
| FIB-4a | 1.0 (0.6) | 0.7 (0.4) | 0.02 |
|
| |||
| FIB4 ≥ 2.67, n (%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0 | 0.18 |
Note: Bold values represent the significance of p-value (p < 0.05).
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides.
a
Mean (SD).
*
p-values for biochemical data from Wilcoxon two-sample test, otherwise from the t test, chi-square or Fisher’s as appropriate.