TABLE 2.

Results of regression models for the relationship between each dietary pattern score and the number of chronic diseases

Population	β (95% CI)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Number of chronic diseases1
0	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
1	−0.41 (−0.89, 0.07)	−0.40 (−0.88, 0.08)	−0.48 (−0.98, 0.02)
≥2	−0.61 (−1.24, 0.01)	−0.63 (−1.25, −0.01)6	−0.76 (−1.41, −0.11) 6
Number of chronic diseases2
0	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
1	−0.65 (−1.10, −0.21)7	−0.64 (−1.08, −0.19)7	−0.80 (−1.26, −0.33)7
≥2	−0.28 (−0.86, 0.30)	−0.31 (−0.89, 0.27)	−0.49 (−1.10, 0.12)
Number of chronic diseases3
0	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
1	0.29 (−0.21, 0.78)	0.25 (−0.24, 0.74)	0.30 (−0.19, 0.78)
≥2	0.23 (−0.41, 0.87)	0.29 (−0.35, 0.93)	0.58 (−0.05, 1.21)
Number of chronic diseases4
0	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
1	−0.36 (−0.74, 0.02)	−0.34 (−0.71, 0.04)	−0.40 (−0.78, −0.02)6
≥2	−0.40 (−0.89, 0.09)	−0.44 (−0.93, 0.05)	−0.66 (−1.16, −0.17)7
Number of chronic diseases5
0	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
1	0.12 (−0.07, 0.31)	0.12 (−0.07, 0.31)	0.16 (−0.04, 0.37)
≥2	−0.19 (−0.44, 0.05)	−0.19 (−0.43, 0.06)	−0.16 (−0.41, 0.10)
Number of chronic diseases6
0	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
1	0.17 (−0.11, 0.45)	0.18 (−0.11, 0.46)	0.24 (−0.05, 0.52)
≥2	0.02 (−0.35, 0.39)	0.002 (−0.36, 0.37)	−0.06 (−0.43, 0.32)

⁸P < 0.01.

model 1: unadjusted; model 2: adjusted for age and gender; model 3: adjusted for age, gender, residence, ethnic group, BMI, years of schooling, marital status, income status, current smoker, current alcohol drinker and regular exercise.

Abbreviations: PDI, overall plant-based diet index; hPDI, healthy plant-based diet index; uPDI, unhealthy plant-based diet index; HPF, healthy plant foods index; uHPF, unhealthy foods index; AF, animal foods index; Ref., Reference.

¹The outcome is PDI,

²The outcome is hPDI

³The outcome is uPDI

⁴The outcome is HPF

⁵The outcome is uHPF

⁶The outcome is AF

⁷P < 0.05.