Table 2.

Summary of MMAT

Criteria RCT Study	S1	S2	2.1 Randomisation	2.2 Concealment /blinding	2.3 Complete outcomes	2.4 Loss to follow up	Overall score
Miller, 2012 [16]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	NO	50%
Hebden, 2014 [17]	YES	YES	YES	YES	NO	NO	50%
Kattelman, 2014 [18]	YES	YES	YES	NO	YES	NO	50%
Nour, 2015 [19]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	YES	75%
Hedrick, 2017 [20]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	YES	75%
Al Khatib, 2018 [21]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	YES	75%
Webel, 2018 [22]	YES	YES	YES	NO	CAN’T TELL	CAN’T TELL	25%
Kaur, 2020 [23]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	CAN’T TELL	50%
Manios, 2020 [24]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	YES	75%
Islam, 2021 [25]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	100%
Rahul, 2021 [26]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	100%
Chow, 2021 [27]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	NO	75%
Johnstone, 2021 [28]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	100%
Mason, 2021 [29]	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	YES	75%
Average Score							70%
Criteria Non-RCT	S1	S2	3.1 Recruitment	3.2 appropriate measures	3.3 Comparable groups	3.4 Complete outcomes	Overall score
Petrogianni, 2013 [30]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	100%
Hietaranta-Luoma, 2014 [31]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	100%
Spees, 2016 [32]	YES	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	NO	50%
Thomson, 2016 [33]	YES	YES	YES	YES	NO	NO	50%
Kendzor, 2017 [34]	YES	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	75%
Gudzune, 2020 [35]	YES	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	75%
West, 2020 [36]	YES	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	CAN’T TELL	50%
Brittain, 2021 [37]	YES	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	75%
Redmond, 2021 [38]	YES	YES	YES	YES	NO	NO	50%
Goldstein, 2022 [39]	YES	YES	YES	YES	CAN’T TELL	YES	75%
Okube, 2022 [40]	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	100%
Average Score							73%