Table 1. M. tuberculosis household transmission study characteristics.

TB incidence per 100,000 is from the World Health Organization 2022 Country Profiles unless otherwise noted.

Study	Colangeli et al. (2020)	Guthrie et al. (2018)	Walker et al. (2014)
Location	Vitória, Brazil	BC, Canada	Oxfordshire, England
Sample size	48 (24 pairs)	26 (13 Pairs)	253 (11 pairs)
TB incidence per 100,000 person-years	49	5.7	8.4 (reported in study)
Study design	- Prospective household transmission study - Index smear + TB cases & household enrolled, followed prospectively to identify secondary cases.	- Retrospective study - Included pediatric cases of TB & household members.	- Retrospective study - All Oxfordshire residents with an M. tuberculosis culture or clinical TB diagnosis from 2007–2012. - TB nurses identified epidemiological linkages: shared space and time.
Culture	- Isolates cultured on LJ slants. - Each strain plated on Middlebrook 7H10 agar. - Three loops of culture were scraped and suspended in SET buffer.	- Isolates revived from frozen archival stocks on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) slants or in MGIT™ liquid medium.	- Cultures obtained from frozen archival stocks. - All cultures were grown in MGIT containing modified Middlebrooks 7H9 liquid medium and on LJ agar.
DNA extraction	- Phenol-chloroform DNA extraction.	- MagMA Total Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit DNA extraction.	- Mechanical disruption with Fastprep homogeniser and Lysing Matrix B; extraction and purification with Fuji Quickgene kit.
Sequencing	2 lanes on an Illumina HiSeq 2500	llumina HiSeqX	Illumina HiSeq
Median sample depth	447X	146X	103X
Accession number	PRJNA475130	PRJNA413593	PRJNA549270