Fig. 1.

Screenshots of an example video: Hagaparken. Each immersive video involved a first-person view of a mannequin’s body that was continuously stroked with the Styrofoam ball as an event unfolded within the scene (A). Participants watched videos through an HMD and felt strokes on their actual torso either synchronously or asynchronously with the strokes in the video (B). Note that footage from only one eye is shown here. Actual stimuli consisted of two videos taken from slightly different positions corresponding to a left and right eye centered in the middle of the HMD to create a stereoscopic effect. Video stimuli were divided into two carefully matched groups to control for differences in visual, auditory, narrative, and emotional complexity (see Supplementary Material).