Skip to main content
. 2023 Nov 13;52(2):e100–e104. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006118

TABLE 1.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Definitions and Their Criteria

Berlin Criteria Kigali Modification New Global Definition of ARDS
Timing Within 1 wk of a known clinical insult or new or worsening respiratory symptoms Within 1 wk of a known clinical insult or new or worsening respiratory symptoms Within 1 wk of a known clinical insult or new or worsening respiratory symptoms
Oxygenation Pao2/Fio2 ≤ 300 mm Hg Spo2/Fio2 ≤ 315 mm Hg with Spo2 < 97% as hypo-oxygenation Pao2/Fio2 ≤ 300 mm Hg or Spo2/Fio2 ≤ 315 mm Hg with Spo2 < 97% as hypo-oxygenation when Pao2/Fio2 is unavailable
PEEP requirement Minimum 5 cm H2O PEEP with invasive or noninvasive in mild ARDS No PEEP requirement Minimum 5cm H2O PEEP with invasive or noninvasive in mild ARDS or ≥ 30L high flow nasal oxygen

PEEP requirements can be left out in resource poor settings
Chest imaging Bilateral opacities not fully explained by effusions, lobar/lung collapse, or nodules by chest radiography or CT Bilateral opacities not fully explained by effusions, lobar/lung collapse, or nodules by chest radiography, CT, or lung ultrasound Bilateral pulmonary abnormalities not fully explained by effusions, lobar/lung collapse, or nodules by chest radiography, CT, or lung ultrasound
Origin of edema Respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload Respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload Respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload

ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome, PEEP = positive end expiratory pressure.