Table 3:

Aphasia severity and repetition scores per Western-Aphasia Battery, and comparison of bilingual persons with aphasia and healthy bilinguals on their L1 and L2 naming accuracy of cognates and noncognates on the Boston Naming Test.

		WAB-R AQ		WAB-R Repetition		BNT Total		Accuracy on cognate items		Accuracy on noncognate items		Cohen’s d on cognate effect
Group		L1	L2	L1	L2	L1	L2	L1	L2	L1	L2	L1	L2
BPWA	Mean	59.785	55.525	55.250	49.350	0.347	0.300	0.381	0.380	0.267	0.282	0.246	0.208
	SD	29.025	27.055	33.337	30.662	0.278	0.267	0.486	0.485	0.442	0.450
HB	Mean	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.755	0.626	0.837	0.778	0.585	0.513	0.578	0.577
	SD	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.167	0.230	0.369	0.415	0.493	0.500
	p-value	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	n/a	n/a

WAB-R Repetition reflects participant scores (out of 100) on the repetition subtest. Accuracy reflects the average percentage of correct naming responses on a selected subset of cognates and noncognates of the BNT. Cohen’s d values reflect the effect size of the cognate facilitation effect.

L1 = first-acquired language; L2 = second-acquired language; BPWA = bilingual persons with aphasia; HB = healthy bilinguals; WAB-R = Western Aphasia Battery-Revised; AQ = Aphasia Quotient; BNT = Boston Naming Test.