Table 7.
Meta-analyses of Omega-3 Fatty Acid in Prevention of CVD Events
| Study Year |
# Studies | Mean age Mean follow-up |
Number subjects | Characteristics (exposure) n-3 type and dosage Baseline TG and % reduction |
Endpoint | Outcome of the exposure or intervention |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hu et al38 2019 |
19 RCTs | 64.3 years 5 years |
127,477 59.7% male |
Omega-3 dose ranged from 376 to 4000 mg/day | Dose-dependent effect | Lower risk for MI, CHD, total CHD, CVD death and total CVD |
| Bernasconi et al 39 2021 |
40 studies Protective effect against fatal MI and CHD death achieved with <800-1200 mg daily of EPA+DHA |
Not given | 135,267 Race/sex distribution not given |
EPA+DHA dose ranged from 400 mg/day to 5500 mg/day; Weighted average dosage received was 1221 mg/day of EPA + DHA |
Dose dependent for CVD events and MI | MI ↓ 13%, RR:0.87; 95% CI: 0.80-0.96 CHD ↓ 10%, RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.84-0.97 Fatal MI ↓ 35%, RR:0.65; 95% CI: 0.46-0.91 CHD Mortality ↓ 9%, RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.85-0.98 CVD events:↓ 5%, RR:0.95; 95% CI: 0.90-1.00 |
Abbreviations: CHD indicates coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; MI, myocardial infarction; n-3, omega-3; RR, relative risk; TG, triglyceride.