TABLE 1.
The demographic and clinical information of participants.
| Number and % of patients | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Men and women | Male | Female |
| Total | 112 (100.0%) | 26 (23.0%) | 86 (77.0%) |
| RRMS | 94 (83.9%) | 20 (76.9%) | 74 (86.0%) |
| SPMS | 16 (14.3%) | 6 (23.1%) | 10 (11.6%) |
| PPMS | 2 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.3%) |
| Age, mean ± sd (range) | 41.9 ± 10.35 (18–72) | 43.0 ± 11.45 (18–62) | 41.5 ± 10.05 (19–72) |
| EDSS, mean ± sd (range) | 3.21 ± 1.84 (0–7) | 3.15 ± 1.52 (1–6.5) | 3.22 ± 1.93 (0–7) |
| Smokers/nonsmokers (not all data available) | 23/54 | 4/12 | 19/42 |
| Duration of disease (range) | 0–30 a | – | – |
| Brain imaging | |||
| MRI taken | 112 (100.0%) | 26 (100.0%) | 86 (100.0%) |
| Last MRI taken within 2 years (n, %) | 72 (63.2%) | – | – |
| OCBs positive at the time of diagnosis (n, %) | 47 (96.1%) | – | – |
| CSF IgG‐index over the normal at the time of diagnosis (n, %) | 56 (88.8%) | – | – |
| Use of DMT | |||
| Without DMT | 22 (19.6%) | 6 (23.1%) | 16 (18.6%) |
| Total receiving any DMT | 90 (80.4%) | 20 (76.9%) | 70 (81.4%) |
| Beta‐interferons | 42 (37.5%) | 10 (38.5%) | 32 (37.2%) |
| Glatiramer acetate | 19 (17.0%) | 7 (26.9%) | 12 (14.0%) |
| Fingolimod | 5 (4.5%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (5.8%) |
| Natalizumab | 19 (17.0%) | 3 (11.5%) | 16 (18.6%) |
| Azathioprine | 4 (3.6%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (4.7%) |
| Mitoxantrone | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.2%) |
Note: Some data were unavailable from certain patients.
Abbreviations: DMT, disease modifying therapy; EDSS, expanded disability status scale; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MS, multiple sclerosis; PPMS, primary progressive MS; RRMS, relapsing‐remitting MS; SPMS, secondary progressive MS.
a
Five patients were newly diagnosed with MS.