TABLE 5.

Summary of literature review on urine chemokines for clinical acute rejection.

Authors	Study design	Number of samples	Results
[25]	Retrospective analysis, CXCL10, Single center	102 biopsies	For TCMR (cAR + subAR, excluding BL) vs. normal (AUROC 0.87)
		34 AR
		22 normal
[30]	Prospective analysis, CXCL9 and CXCL10, Multicenter	337 biopsies	For AR (cAR + subAR, excluding BL) versus no rejection
		45 AR	(CXCL9 AUROC 0.86; CXCL10 AUROC 0.77)
		228 no rejection
[31]	Retrospective analysis, CXCL9 and CXCL10, Single center	281 biopsies	For clinical AR (excluding subAR and BL) versus no rejection
		78 AR	(CXCL9 AUROC 0.71; CXCL10 AUROC 0.76)
		203 no rejection
[27]	Prospective analysis, CXCL9 and CXCL10, Single center	1722 samples	For clinical AR (excluding subAR and BL) versus no rejection
		743 biopsies
		60 AR	(CXCL9 AUROC 0.72; CXCL10 AUROC 0.74)
		243 no rejection
[28]	Retrospective analysis, CXCL9 and CXCL10, Multicenter	373 biopsies	For AR (cAR + subAR, excluding BL) vs. no rejection (multiparametric model including CXCL9 and CXLC10 AUROC 0.85)
		90 AR
		283 no rejection
[29]	Retrospective analysis, CXCL10, Single center	151 biopsies	For scTCMR versus normal (ABMR AUROC 0.76; TCMR AUROC 0.72)
		52 ABMR
		36 TCMR
		99 no ABMR
		115 no TCMR
[32]	Retrospective analysis, CXCL10, Single center	182 biopsies	For late clinical AR (excluding subAR and BL) versus normal (AUROC 0.72)
		55 AR
		98 no rejection

ABMR, antibody-mediated rejection; AR, acute rejection; AUROC, area under the ROC curve; BL, borderline rejection; cAR, clinical acute rejection; subAR, subclinical acute rejection; TCMR, T cell-mediated rejection.