Table 4.
Risk Factors for High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions in the Study Participants with No Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions at Baseline
| Incident HSIL, n = 18 (6.1%) | No incident HSIL, n = 278 (93.1%) | Total, n = 296 (100%) | p | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, in years | 41.5 (15.3) | 40 (17.5) | 40 (17) | 0.394 | |
| Baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count, cells/μL | 428 (378) | 403 (426) | 406 (426) | 0.728 | |
| Nadir CD4+ lymphocyte count, cells/μL | 345 (274) | 346.5 (268) | 345 (261) | 0.716 | |
| Nadir CD4+ lymphocyte count <200 cells/μL | 2 (11.1%) | 57 (21.0%) | 59 (19.9%) | 0.544 | |
| HCV positive antibodies | 0 | 8 (2.9%) | 8 (2.7%) | 1.000 | |
| Previous diagnosis of any STI | 15 (83.3%) | 195 (70.1%) | 210 (70.9%) | 0.232 | |
| Syphilis | 12 (66.7%) | 137 (49.3%) | 149 (50.3% | 0.223 | |
| Gonorrhea | 3 (16.7%) | 46 (16.5%) | 49 (16.6%) | 1.000 | |
| Chlamydia trachomatis infection | 2 (11.1%) | 13 (4.7%) | 15 (5.1%) | 0.229 | |
| Anogenital condyloma acuminata | 7 (38.9%) | 75 (27.0%) | 82 (27.7%) | 0.284 | |
| Baseline HR-HPV | 17 (94.4%) | 204 (73.4%) | 221 (74.4%) | 0.046 | 6.17 (0.81–47.15) |
| Baseline HPV-16 | 9 (50%) | 74 (26.6%) | 83 (28.0%) | 0.032 | 2.76 (1.05–7.21) |
| Baseline HPV-18 | 4 (22.4%) | 28 (10.1%) | 32 (10.8%) | 0.108 | |
| Baseline pHR-HPV | 17 (94.4%) | 190 (68.3%) | 207 (69.9%) | 0.019 | 7.87 (1.03–60.11) |
Qualitative variables are expressed as total numbers and percentages; quantitative variables are expressed as medians and interquartile ranges.
CI, confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HPV, human papillomavirus; HR-HPV, high-risk HPV; HSIL, high-grade squamous-intraepithelial lesion; OR, odds ratio; pHR-HPV, pooled high-oncogenic risk human papillomavirus; STI, sexually transmitted infection.