. 2023 Oct 27;88(6):336–348. doi: 10.1159/000534794

Table 1.

Main characteristics of studies included in quantitative synthesis and meta-analysis

Author, year	Country	Population	Intervention	Controls	Outcomes
Aghahosseini et al. [21] (2012)	Iran	Women undergoing IVF who have had two or more implantation failures with unsuspected or no uterine cavity abnormalities, normal HSG, and no history of hysteroscopy in the last 2 months	Hysteroscopy prior to a subsequent IVF attempt	Immediate IVF without prior hysteroscopy	CPR
Aghahosseini et al. [21] (2012)	Iran		Hysteroscopy prior to a subsequent IVF attempt	Immediate IVF without prior hysteroscopy	LBR
Casini et al. [20] (2006)	Italy	Women affected by uterine fibroids	Hysteroscopic surgery to remove the fibroids	No treatment. Patients were suggested to immediately start having regular fertility-oriented coitus	CPR
Casini et al. [20] (2006)	Italy	Women affected by uterine fibroids	Hysteroscopic surgery to remove the fibroids		PLR
Demirol et al. [22] (2004)	Turkey	Women with primary infertility and two or more failed IVF cycles with no known intracavitary disease, a normal HSG, and controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF abnormalities	Office hysteroscopic evaluation of the uterine cavity and cervix before commencing treatment	No office hysteroscopic evaluation of the uterine cavity and cervix before commencing controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF treatment	CPR
Demirol et al. [22] (2004)	Turkey				PLR
Elsetohy et al. [11] (2015)	Egypt	Women scheduled for first IVF treatment cycle with no known abnormality, apart from intramural myomas without uterine cavity deformity	Hysteroscopic examination in the early-mid-follicular phase of a menstrual cycle. If any intrauterine abnormality was detected, therapeutic hysteroscopy was performed in the same hysteroscopy session or scheduled for an operative procedure later. Subsequent ICSI	IVF without hysteroscopy	CPR
El-Nashar. [23] (2011)	Egypt	Women with unexplained infertility after carrying out initial investigations for her and her partner, scheduled to start their first IVF cycle	Hysteroscopy with directed biopsy and correction of any intrauterine abnormalities Exact timing of hysteroscopy before ICSI is not specified	ICSI cycle without undergoing a hysteroscopy	CPR
El-Toukhy et al. [24] (2016)	UK, Italy, Belgium, Czech Rep	Infertile women younger than 38, planning IVF	Outpatient hysteroscopy without sedation before starting IVF	IVF without prior hysteroscopy	CPR
El-Toukhy et al. [24] (2016)	UK, Italy, Belgium, Czech Rep	Infertile women younger than 38, planning IVF		IVF without prior hysteroscopy	LBR
Perez-Medina et al. [25] (2005)	Spain	Infertile women with at least 24 months of infertility, with a sonographic diagnosis of endometrial polyps and planning IUI	Hysteroscopic polypectomy Women were scheduled to receive four cycles of IUI; the first IUI was planned for three cycles after hysteroscopy	Endometrial polyps were not extracted during diagnostic hysteroscopy and polyp biopsy was performed	CPR
Rama Raju et al. [12] (2006)	India	Patients with two or more failed IVF cycles with primary infertility or male factor infertility with no known uterine cavity abnormalities	Office hysteroscopy prior to a subsequent IVF attempt	Immediate IVF without prior hysteroscopy	CPR
Rama Raju et al. [12] (2006)	India		Office hysteroscopy prior to a subsequent IVF attempt	Immediate IVF without prior hysteroscopy	LBR
Shawki et al. [13] (2012)	Egypt	Women suffering from primary infertility, candidate for first IVF or with one or more failed IVF.	IVF after performing office hysteroscopy. Abnormal findings were recorded and treated	IVF without office hysteroscopy	CPR
Shawki et al. [13] (2012)	Egypt			IVF without office hysteroscopy	LBR
Ghasemi et al. [26] (2022)	Iran	Patients with primary infertility without prior hysteroscopic examination or previous IVF, normal transvaginal sonography in the last month, and a normal HSG (in the past 6–24 months), who were scheduled for the first IVF cycle	Hysteroscopy and irrigation of uterine cavity with a large amount of saline solution (200–300 mL) followed by IVF	IVF without office hysteroscopy	CPR
Ghasemi et al. [26] (2022)	Iran			IVF without office hysteroscopy	LBR
Ben Abid et al. [27] (2021)	Tunisia	Infertile women planning their first IVF cycle. All patients had a normal uterine cavity based on transvaginal sonography and HSG	Diagnostic hysteroscopy followed by IVF	IVF without hysteroscopy	CPR
					LBR
					PLR
Gurgan et al. [28] (2019)	Turkey	Women <40 years of age with FSH ≤15 IU/mL who met the recurrent implantation failure definition	Endometrial scoring through office hysteroscopy followed by IVF	IVF without hysteroscopy	CPR
					LBR
					PLR
Smit et al. [30] (2016)	The Netherlands	Infertile women scheduled for IVF with a normal transvaginal ultrasound	Diagnostic hysteroscopy with see and treat	Immediate IVF without hysteroscopy	LBR
					CPR
					PLR
Moramezi et al. [31] (2012)	Iran	Women planning IUI cycles	Office hysteroscopy	No hysteroscopy	CPR
Moramezi et al. [31] (2012)	Iran	Women planning IUI cycles	Office hysteroscopy	No hysteroscopy	PLR
Berntsen et al. [32] (2020)	Denmark	Women planning IVF; one or more previously failed IVF cycle(s)	Endometrial scratching performed by office hysteroscopy in the cycle preceding the IVF/ICSI cycle	Standard fertility treatment in the clinic without office hysteroscopy	CPR
Berntsen et al. [32] (2020)	Denmark				LBR