Table 3.
Individual work factors and their association with High-level sick leave (HLSL) at follow-up (n = 15,294)
| Model #1 | Model #2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Work factors |
N-exposed (%-exposed) |
cases (%) exposed/ the non-exposed) |
OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI |
| Psychosocial working conditions | ||||||
| Low job control | 3109 (20.3) | 17.9 /11.8 | 1.55 | 1.34–1.79 | 1.44 | 1.25–1.65 |
| Jobstrain | 2128 (13.9) | 19.9/11.9 | 1.76 | 1.50–2.06 | 1.64 | 1.40–1.91 |
| High emotional demands | 2775 (18.1) | 18.5/11.8 | 1.60 | 1.38–1.86 | 1.54 | 1.34–1.78 |
| High role conflict | 1348 (8.8) | 17.8/12.6 | 1.57 | 1.30–1.91 | 1.51 | 1.25–1.82 |
| Low suportive leadership | 1242 (8.1) | 17.2/12.7 | 1.52 | 1.24–1.86 | 1.38 | 1.14–1.68 |
| Mechanical factors | ||||||
| Neck flexion | 2533 (16.6) | 16.2/12.3 | 1.46 | 1.26–1.70 | 1.25 | 1.08–1.45 |
| Upper body forward bend | 1384 (9.0) | 19.72/12.4 | 1.95 | 1.61–2.35 | 1.61 | 1.34–1.93 |
| Hand-/arm repetition | 3198 (20.9) | 13.7/12.9 | 1.05 | 0.90–1.21 | 0.96 | 0.84–1.11 |
| Squatting/kneeling | 2033 (13.3) | 18.7/12.2 | 1.95 | 1.66–2.30 | 1.60 | 1.36–1.88 |
| Awkward lifting | 1446 (9.5) | 22.7/12.1 | 2.53 | 2.11–3.03 | 2.03 | 1.71–2.42 |
| Standing | 3240 (21.2) | 17.9/11.8 | 1.75 | 1.52–2.02 | 1.45 | 1.26–1.67 |
| Physical factors | ||||||
| Whole body vibration | 986 (6.4) | 13.7/13.0 | 1.62 | 1.26–2.08 | 1.26 | 0.99–1.61 |
| Hand/arm vibration | 1393 (9.1) | 14.60/12.9 | 1.83 | 1.48–2.27 | 1.35 | 1.10–1.67 |
| Noise | 1913 (12.5) | 14.6/12.8 | 1.50 | 1.25–1.79 | 1.20 | 1.01–1.43 |
| Heat | 600 (3.9) | 19.3/12.8 | 2.07 | 1.57–2.73 | 1.58 | 1.21–2.07 |
| Cold | 1594 (10.4) | 16.2/12.7 | 1.74 | 1.44–2.11 | 1.34 | 1.12–1.62 |
| Chemical factors | ||||||
| Skin contact. oil or lubricants | 1522 (9.9) | 12.8/13.1 | 1.47 | 1.19–1.82 | 1.12 | 0.91–1.38 |
| Skin contact. cleaning agents/ disinfectants | 3159 (20.6) | 17.1/12.0 | 1.61 | 1.39–1.85 | 1.33 | 1.15–1.52 |
| Wet work | 2999 (19.6) | 18.3/11.7 | 1.66 | 1.44–1.92 | 1.32 | 1.15–1.52 |
| Dust or smoke. metals | 509 (3.3) | 13.7/13.0 | 1.62 | 1.16–2.26 | 1.23 | 0.89–1.69 |
| Gases, fumes | 494 (3.2) | 16.0/12.9 | 1.70 | 1.23–2.35 | 1.39 | 1.02–1.88 |
| Mineral or organic dust | 898 (5.9) | 12.0/13.1 | 1.31 | 0.92–1.87 | 1.10 | 0.87–1.40 |
Model#1 adjustment for sex, age and number of actual working days
Model#2 = + education level (continuous), chronic health problems and smoking
Note Model#2 = adjustment for sex, age, and number of actual working days, education level (continuous), chronic health problems, and smoking