Table 2.
The bias risk assessment for the included randomized controlled trials using the Joanna Briggs institute scale for randomized controlled trials
| First author, citation | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 | Q9 | Q10 | Q11 | Q12 | Q13 | Quality score | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bakhshi et al., 2020 [17] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 | Low |
| Kia et al., 2015 [22] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 | Low |
| Nosratzehi et al., 2018 [4] | × | × |
|
× | × | × |
|
|
|
|
|
|
× | 7 | Moderate |
| Keshari et al., 2015 [21] |
|
× |
|
× | × | × |
|
|
|
|
|
|
× | 8 | Moderate |
| Thomas et al., 2017 [32] |
|
× |
|
× | × | × |
|
|
|
|
|
|
× | 8 | Moderate |
| Amirchaghmaghi et al., 2016 [18] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 | Low |
| Chainani-Wu et al., 2012 [33] | × | × |
|
× | × | × |
|
|
|
|
|
|
× | 7 | Moderate |
| Naik et al., 2020 [37] | × | × |
|
× | × | × |
|
|
× |
|
|
|
× | 6 | High |
| Kia et al., 2020 [11] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 | Low |
| Ghobadi et al., 2022 [42] |
|
|
|
|
× | × |
|
|
|
|
|
|
× | 10 | Low |

































































































