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Dose delivery requirements for FLASH for protons and ions extrapolated from electron FLASH studies.
| Dose Delivery Mode | Protons | Helium | Carbon |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional: 2.6 Gy/fraction | 2 × 109 p/s | 5 × 108 He/s | 1.7 × 108 C/s |
| Delivery time: 100 s | 0.4 nA | 0.2 nA | 0.2 nA |
| FLASH: ≥10 Gy/fraction | 1 × 1013 p/s | 2.5 × 1012 He/s | 0.8 × 1012 C/s |
| Delivery Time: 100 ms | 1.6 μA | 0.8 μA | 0.8 μA |
