Table 3.

FAIR practices across data repositories.

Principle	Function	EBRAINS	SPARC		DANDI	CONP Portal	OpenNeuro
F1. Globally unique identifier	Basic core	DOI	DOI		DOI	ARK, DOI	DOI
F2. Rich metadata		Y	DataCite		Y	DATS	Y
A1. Retrievable by identifier		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
A1.1 Free, open, universal retrieval protocol	Enhanced access	Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
F4. Registered in a searchable resource		KS, GDS	KS, GDS		KS, GDS	KS	KS, GDS
A1.2: Authentication and authorization		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
R1.1: Clear data usage license		Y	CC-BY		CC-BY, CC0	Y	CC0
R1.3: Community standards	Use of standards	Multiple	SDS, MIS		NWB, BIDS	Y*	BIDS
F3: Metadata contains identifier		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
I1: Formal knowledge representation language		Y	Y		N	Y
R1: Plurality of relevant attributes	Rich(er) metadata	OpenMinds	OpenMinds, MIS		NWB	DATS	Y
I2: FAIR vocabularies		Y	Y		Y	Y	N
I3: Qualified references to other metadata		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
R1.2: Provenance	Provenance and context		Exp Protocol			Y	N
A2: Metadata persistence			Y		Y
Landing page	Additional features	Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
CCFs		Y	Y*		N	N	N
Data citation		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y
Curation		Y	Y		N	Y	N

Comparison of FAIR features across five large brain repositories where the principal investigators have been active through the INCF. The principles are organized according to the functions they support based on an organization proposed by Hodson et al. (2018). Highlighted in purple are additional features that are relevant for FAIR although they are not mentioned explicitly in the FAIR principles, e.g., the use of landing pages and support for data citation. KS, INCF Knowledge Space; GDS, Google Dataset Search; DOI, Digital object identifier; NWB, NeuroData Without Borders; BIDS, Brain Imaging Data Structure; DATS, Data tag suite.