Table 5.

In vitro fermentation end-products (mmol/l, if not otherwise stated).

Item	Nozzle diameter		Variety		SEM	Significance1
	8 mm	6 mm	Futura 75	Uso 31		Diameter	Variety	Interaction
pH	7.00	7.01	6.97	7.03	0.001	NS	***	NS
Acetate	29.51	29.24	27.32	31.43	5.15	NS	***	*
Propionate	8.69	8.22	7.85	9.07	0.63	NS	***	NS
Iso-Butyrate	1.40	1.29	1.19	1.49	0.02	NS	***	NS
Butyrate	3.99	4.13	3.28	4.83	0.19	NS	***	NS
Iso-Valerate	2.39	2.36	2.26	2.50	0.04	NS	*	NS
Valerate	1.77	1.88	1.72	1.92	0.06	NS	*	**
VFA	47.76	47.12	43.64	51.23	10.26	NS	***	*
BCFA, % VFA	7.93	7.80	7.94	7.79	0.0028	NS	NS	**

¹*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001; NS (not significant) indicates p > 0.10. SEM, standard error of means.

VFA, Volatile Fatty Acids; BCFA, Branched-Chain Fatty Acids.