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. 2024 Jan 5;14:1258378. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1258378

Table 3.

ANOVA summary statistics for analyses.

F df p ηp2
Perceived restoration** 87.41 2, 180 <0.001 0.52
Positive affect
Time** 71.05 1, 180 <0.001 0.28
Location 2.21 2, 180 0.11 0.02
Time X location** 6.32 2, 180 0.002 0.07
Outdoor nature** 80.99 1, 59 <0.001 0.58
Outdoor urban** 13.16 1, 63 0.001 0.17
Indoor** 8.18 1, 58 0.006 0.12
Negative affect
Time** 46.91 1, 180 <0.001 0.21
Location 0.14 2, 180 0.87 0.002
Time X location* 4.32 2, 180 0.02 0.05
Outdoor nature** 33.23 1, 59 <0.001 0.36
Outdoor urban** 9.26 1, 63 0.003 0.13
Indoor** 7.82 1, 58 0.007 0.12
Memory
Recall 1.49 2, 180 0.23 0.02
Recognition (d’) 1.72 2, 180 0.18 0.02
Attention
Digit span forwards (DSF) 2.26 2, 180 0.11 0.02
Digit span backwards (DSB) 2.76 2, 180 0.07 0.03
Executive function
Trail making A (TMTA) 0.83 2, 179 0.44 0.01
Trail making B (TMTB) 0.49 2, 179 0.49 0.01

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.