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. 2024 Jan 24;8(1):76–86. doi: 10.1089/heq.2022.0207

Table 1.

Sociodemographic Characteristics of Sample (n=2700)

Sociodemographic characteristic n (%)
Age at time of birth
 17–24 132 (5.7)
 25–30 736 (31.8)
 31–39 1306 (56.4)
 40 and older 140 (6.1)
Residence at time of data collection
 New York 778 (28.8)
 California 206 (7.6)
 Washington 121 (4.5)
 Texas 115 (4.3)
 Other 1477 (54.8)
Born in the United States
 Yes 2172 (89.6)
 No 253 (10.4)
Highest level of education completed
 High school 79 (3.3)
 Some college, but no degree 409 (16.9)
 College 718 (29.7)
 Associate degree 190 (7.8)
 Some graduate school, but no degree 176 (7.3)
 Graduate degree (e.g., MSc or PhD) 721 (29.8)
 Professional degree (e.g., MD or JD) 94 (3.9)
 Other 34 (1.4)
Main source of payment for maternity care
 Medicaid/CHIP 365 (13.5)
 Private insurance 1371 (50.8)
 Out of pocket 514 (19.0)
 Other/not sure 450 (16.7)
Total household income before taxes
 $0–19,999 122 (5.8)
 $20,000–49,999 485 (23.1)
 $50,000–99,999 734 (35.0)
 $100,000–159,999 467 (22.3)
 $160,000 and over 289 (13.8)
Maternal race
 Blacka 380 (15.4)
 Indigenous/Native American/Native Hawaiianb 77 (3.1)
 Asianc 117 (4.7)
 Hispanic/Latinad 241 (9.8)
 Other person of color (not already allocated) 24 (1.0)
 White 1651 (67.0)
 Missing values for race variables 210
a

Identified as Black or African in any of the race fields.

b

Identified as Native American/Native Hawaiian/Indigenous in any of the race fields but not as Black or African.

c

Identified as Asian in any of the race fields but not as Black/African/Native American/Native Hawaiian/Indigenous.

d

Identified as Hispanic/Latina in any of the race fields but not as Black/African/Native American/Native Hawaiian/Indigenous/Asian.